基于GIS的山西省矿产资源规划环境影响评价  

A method of environment assessment of mineral resources planning for shanxi provinces base on GIS

作　　者：刘伟[1,2] 杜培军[2] 李永峰[3] 

机构地区：[1]江苏师范大学测绘学院,徐州221116 [2]南京大学地理信息科学系,南京210093 [3]中国矿业大学环境与测绘学院,徐州221116

出　　处：《生态学报》2014年第10期2775-2786,共12页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：中国地质调查局地质调查工作项目(12120113007500);江苏师范大学博士学位教师科研支撑项目(11XLR01)

摘　　要：基于目前我国矿产资源规划编制过程中的环境评价,提出了一种基于GIS(Geographic Information System)技术,实现矿产资源规划环境影响定量评价方法。在对规划区环境现状进行大尺度综合评价的基础上,利用GIS的空间分析功能,有针对性的实现规划区敏感环境保护目标的筛选、环境影响范围的确定和矿产资源开发对环境保护目标影响程度的定量表达。结合山西省矿产资源规划方案,根据山西省各区域资源开发对敏感保护目标的影响特征,在定量计算各区域环境现状综合评价分级的基础上,分别对其生态环境、水环境、地质环境等方面的影响进行评价和预测,结果显示:山西省矿产资源规划空间布局总体合理,不会对敏感环境保护目标造成严重破坏,但部分矿产资源开采区距离保护目标较近,需要在矿产资源规划实施中加以保护。提出的评价方法较好地兼顾矿产资源开发与区域环境保护,可以有效地提高矿产资源规划环境评价结果的准确性和科学性;该方法可以综合地、定量地评价矿产资源规划对不同环境保护目标的影响程度和范围,为矿产资源规划方案的修订提供有价值的参考。With the rapid development of economy in demand for mineral resources, it is becoming more and more important to coordinate the relationship between mineral exploration and environmental protection. To abate the environmental impact on the mineral exploitation, one of the most important means is to assess the environmental impact of mineral resources planning. The ultimate objective of plan environmental impact assessment is to ensure that assessing conclusions and environmental consequences are combined into strategic decision-making process. Planning environmental impact assessment is the only type of strategic environmental assessment that is required to be conducted in plans by Chinese Environmental Impact Assessment Act. Mineral resources planning have just issued in China, and are still on the exploratory stage. Those studies are mainly focused on improving the evaluation system, exploring the evaluation methods and so on. Quantitative analysis of environmental effects and processing of spatial information are the most difficult procedures which have no generalized evaluation approaches at present. The commonly applicable methods falls into several catalogues in previous studies of environmental impact assessment on mineral resources planning. Analytic hierarchy process （AHP）, multi- objective analysis and expert judgment method are often used to select assessment indicators. Those methods can be appliedto identify, forecast, and However, it is difficult to processing of the regional analyze potential environment impact when mineral resource planning is brought into effect. evaluate the impact of the changes of mineral development structure for their deficiencies in spatial information and synthetic analysis of multiple attribute information. The deficient methodologies have become a restriction to the actual impacts evaluation of mineral resources planning. According to the current situation of environment impact assessment for mineral resources planning, this paper proposes the quantitative assessmen

关 键 词：GIS 矿产资源规划 规划环境评价 空间分析 

分 类 号：X82[环境科学与工程—环境工程]