悬浮物对浮游植物和浮游动物的急性毒性效应  

Acute toxicological effects of suspended solids on phytoplankton and zooplankton

作　　者：张艳[1] 郑琳[2] 陈碧鹃[1] 夏斌[1] 

机构地区：[1]农业部海洋渔业可持续发展重点实验室中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所,青岛266071 [2]国家海洋局北海环境监测中心,青岛266033

出　　处：《渔业科学进展》2014年第2期16-21,共6页Progress in Fishery Sciences

基　　金：海洋公益性行业科研专项资助项目(201105010-04)资助

摘　　要：通过悬浮物对浮游植物和浮游动物的急性毒性实验,研究了不同浓度悬浮物对浮游植物和浮游动物生长的影响。浮游植物选取中肋骨条藻Skeletonema costatum和新月菱形藻Nitzschia closterium为受试生物,浮游动物为胶州湾近岸拖网所得,主要优势种类包括藤壶无节幼体、太平洋哲水蚤、腹剑水蚤和小拟哲水蚤。实验结果表明,不同浓度的悬浮物对两种浮游植物的生长都具有非常显著的影响(P<0.01);悬浮物浓度与中肋骨条藻的生长抑制率呈线性关系,半抑制浓度48 h-EC50为1.58 g/L,R值为0.977,96 h-EC50为2.82 g/L,R值为0.993;悬浮物浓度和新月菱形藻的生长抑制率也呈线性关系,其半抑制浓度48 h-EC50为4.27 g/L,R值为0.933,96 h-EC50为4.47 g/L,R值为0.939。悬浮物对浮游动物的生长也有显著影响,其死亡率随着悬浮物浓度的增加而升高,其半致死浓度96 h-LC50为60.172 mg/L。In this research,an acute toxicity experiment was carried out to study the effects of different concentrations of suspended solids on the growth of phytoplankton and zooplankton.Phytoplankton,Skeletonema costatum and Nitzschia closterium,and zooplankton captured by plankton trawl in Jiaozhou Bay with the dominant species of Barnacle nauplii,Calanus sinicus,Oithona similis,and Paracalanus parvus,were used as the experimental organisms.The results showed that the effects of different concentrations of suspended solids on the growth of S.costatum and N.closterium were highly significant （P 〈 0.01）.Linear relationship was found between the concentration of suspended solids and the inhibition rate on the growth of S.costatum and N.closterium,with the half inhibition concentration 48 h-EC50 as 1.58 g/L （R =0.977） and 96 h-EC50 as 2.82 g/L （R =0.993） for S.costatum ; 48 h-ECs0 as 4.27 g/L （R =0.933） and 96 h-EC50 as 4.47 g/L （R =0.939） for N.closterium.Experiments on zooplankton showed that the suspended solids also had a significant impact on the growth of zooplankton with the lethal concentration of 96 h-LC50 as 60.172 mg/L.

关 键 词：悬浮物 中肋骨条藻 新月菱形藻 浮游动物 半抑制浓度 

分 类 号：X826[环境科学与工程—环境工程]