家庭病床患者护理不良事件现况调查及影响因素分析  

A Survey of Nursing Adverse Events and Influencing Factors in the Family Ward

作　　者：凡芸 马海萍[1] 彭幼清[2] 吴金贵[3] 任燕芳[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海市浦东新区潍坊社区卫生服务中心,200122 [2]同济大学附属东方医院 [3]上海市长宁区疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《中国全科医学》2014年第15期1758-1761,共4页Chinese General Practice

基　　金：上海市浦东新区卫生局卫生科技发展专项基金(PW2010C-3)

摘　　要：目的调查家庭病床患者护理不良事件发生情况,探讨其影响因素。方法采用前瞻性调查方法,2011年6月—2012年5月调查上海市浦东新区4家社区卫生服务中心301例家庭病床患者1年内护理不良事件发生情况、原因以及对患者健康的影响。对患者一般情况、健康状况进行评估,并对照顾者的情况进行调查。结果 301例家庭病床患者1年共发生护理不良事件506起,平均每位患者发生护理不良事件1.7起。护理不良事件中以感染事件的发生率最高(31.9%),其次为饮食护理事件(22.6%)、用药护理事件(20.9%)、皮肤护理事件(16.9%)、伤害事件(15.9%)。随着年龄的增长,护理不良事件发生率有增高的趋势(χ2趋势=13.54,P<0.001)。不同患者配偶情况、居住情况、照顾情况,照顾者有无照顾护理培训,照顾者为外聘或家人,患者不同生活能力、视力、听力、是否卧床不起、有无负性情绪,其家庭病床护理不良事件发生率比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论家庭病床患者护理不良事件发生率较高,其原因有管理因素和照护因素,还与患者自身的健康状况及疾病特征有关。Objective To investigate the incidence of nursing adverse events in the family ward and to explore the influencing factors.Methods By using prospective study method,nursing adverse events were analyzed among 301 family ward patients in four community centers in Pudong New Area in Shanghai from June 2011 to May 2012.Categories of nursing adverse events,as well as their causes and effects on health were collected.Patients＇ general circumstances,health status,and caregivers＇ circumstances were also analyzed.Results Of the 301 family ward patients,a total of 506 nursing adverse events were recorded with an average of 1.7 per patient.Infection had the highest incidence（31.9%）,followed by dietary（22.6%）,medication related（20.9%）,skin care（16.9%）,and injury（15.9%） events.It was found that as age increased,the incidence of adverse events significantly increased（χ2= 13.54,P〈 0.001）.Spouse,living situation,care requirements,nursing training,external or family,circumstances,disability,vision,hearing,bedridden,negative emotional family circumstances,and deathbed care were associated with a significant increase in the incidence of adverse events（P〈0.05）.Conclusion The incidence of nursing adverse events in family ward patients is high,primarily due to caregiving and management factors,patients＇ symptoms,and health status.

关 键 词：家庭病床 家庭护理 不良事件 影响因素 

分 类 号：R473.2[医药卫生—护理学]