锌浓度对茴香植株锌吸收累积及精油组分的影响  

Effects of Zn concentration on Zn accumulation and essential oil components in fennel(Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) plant

作　　者：肖艳辉[1] 何金明[1] 潘春香[1] 张振明[1] 刘啟睿 张贵林[1] 

机构地区：[1]韶关学院英东农业科学与工程学院,广东韶关512005

出　　处：《广东农业科学》2014年第9期24-27,32,共5页Guangdong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31070287);香港铭源基金(铭源2011-01)

摘　　要：为了揭示锌对茴香生长发育和次生代谢产物——精油组分的影响及茴香植株对锌的吸收累积特性,研究了不同锌浓度(0、5、10、20、30、40、50 mg/L)营养液对茴香植株生长、锌的吸收累积及精油组分的影响。结果表明:5 mg/L锌处理能显著增加茴香植株株高和地上部鲜重,而高浓度锌处理不利于茴香植株株高、植株地下部鲜重、地上部和地下部干重的累积;锌主要累积在茴香植株的根部,随锌浓度增加,茴香植株地上部锌含量和锌总含量均呈先增加再降低趋势,并均在30 mg/L锌处理时达到最大,地下部锌含量呈先急剧增加再缓慢增加趋势,而迁移系数呈降低趋势;各处理精油中均检出化学成分24种,且精油主要成分均为反式-茴香脑,反式-茴香脑含量在10 mg/L锌处理最高,而其余锌处理的反式-茴香脑含量与对照差异不显著。因此,在锌污染土壤上种植茴香来修复土壤,当锌离子达到一定浓度后,茴香植株对锌的吸收累积开始下降,但并未对茴香精油的品质产生显著影响。By solution culture method, effects of Zn concentrations（0,5 mg/L, 10 mg/L, 20 mg/L, 30 mg/L, 40 mg/L and 50 mg/L） on fennel plant（Foeniculum vulgare L.） growth, secondary metabolites—essential oil components, and absorption and accumulation characteristics of fennel plant to Zn were studied. The results showed that, height and fresh weight（FW） aboveground of fennel plant increased significantly by 5 mg/L Zn, while plant height, FW underground and dry weight（DW） aboveground and underground decreased in groups treated with high concentrations of Zn. Furthermore, Zn was mainly accumulated in the roots of plants. With the increase of Zn concentration, the content of Zn aboveground and total Zn in fennel plant first increased and then decreased, and reached the maximum values at the concentration of 30 mg/L,and the content of Zn underground first increased sharply and then showed a slow increasing trend, and transfer coefficient（TF） decreased accordingly. In addition, 24 kinds of components in essential oil of fennel plant were identified, and its main content was（E）-Anethole which reached the highest in the treatment with 10 mg/L Zn, and it showed no significance between the other Zn treatments and the control. Therefore, fennel plant can be used for phytoremediation of Zn contaminated soil. When Zn reaches a certain concentration, Zn content in fennel plant begins to decline. However, the quality of essential oil is not affected significantly.

关 键 词：茴香植株 锌含量 精油组分 

分 类 号：S573[农业科学—作物学] Q945.78[生物学—植物学]