提高偏远贫困山区新生儿乙肝疫苗首针及时接种率干预研究  

Study on the collaborated project of strategies to improve the vaccination coverage rate of timely first dose of hepatitis B vaccine of newborns in remote poverty mountain areas

作　　者：韩真明[1] 王青[1] 王豫林[1] 周玉清[2] 夏伟[2] 朱徐 

机构地区：[1]重庆市疾病预防控制中心免疫规划所,重庆400042 [2]中国疾病预防控制中心免疫规划中心,北京100050 [3]联合国儿童基金会驻华代表处,北京100600

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2014年第11期2022-2024,共3页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：MOH/UNICEF加强常规免疫合作项目(13)

摘　　要：目的探索提高偏远贫困山区新生儿乙肝疫苗首针及时接种率的策略和措施。方法在基线调查基础上,采取加强组织管理、强化人员培训、开展有效的宣传教育、落实孕妇和新生儿摸底调查、住院分娩医院接种,非住院分娩入户接种、加强疾控机构与计生妇幼的沟通及狠抓督促检查等针对性措施,并评价措施实施效果。结果住院分娩新生儿HepB1报告及时接种率为86.7%,非住院新生儿HepB1报告及时接种率为88.7%;新生儿HepB1调查及时接种率由项目实施前的53.8%提高到87.1%,住院分娩新生儿和非分娩新生儿HepB1及时接种率比项目实施前分别提高了19.7和48.1%。结论项目措施得力、有效,项目工作成绩十分显著,城口县新生儿乙肝疫苗首针及时接种率、全程接种率和孕产妇住院分娩率都大幅提高。Objective To study the strategy and measures of improving the vaccination coverage rate of timely first dose of hepatitis B vaccine of newborns in remote poverty mountain areas. Methods According to the results of the baseline investigation, several measures were implemented in order to improve this condition including： strengthening the organization and management, strengthening personal training, carting out effective propaganda and education, implementing the mapping survey of maternal and newborn, making sure that babies born at hospital were immunized by doctors and babies delivered at home were immunized by village doctors, increasing communication between CDC and institution of maternal and child, paying close attention to the supervision and inspection for strategies and measures. Results For babies born in hospital and at home, the timely vaccination rate of HepB 1 was 86.7% and 88.7% respectively. The project implementation improved the timely coverage rate of HepB1 from the previous 53.8% to the current 87.1%, with hospital-delivered and home-delivered babies each improved by 19.7% and 48.1%. Conclusion The strategies are effective and results of these interventions are remarkable. Not only the vaccination coverage rate of timely first dose, but also the full course vaccination rate of HBV of newborns and the delivery rate at hospitals were substantially increased in Chengkou County.

关 键 词：贫困山区 新生儿 乙肝疫苗 首针及时接种率 

分 类 号：R19-0[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]