海南省2004-2012年斑疹伤寒监测情况分析  

Analysis of the surveillance of typhus in Hainan Province, 2004-2012

作　　者：陈少明[1] 杜建伟[1] 金玉明[1] 熊昌富[1] 邱丽[1] 贾鹏本[1] 黄芳[1] 冯芳莉[1] 杜中华[1] 罗艳[1] 

机构地区：[1]海南省疾病预防控制中心,海南海口570203

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2014年第11期2072-2073,2078,共3页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：国家科技重大专项项目(2013ZX10004-203-002-006)

摘　　要：目的 了解海南省斑疹伤寒流行特征和规律,为制定斑疹伤寒防制措施提供科学依据。方法 对海南省2004-2012年网络直报的斑疹伤寒病例采用描述流行病学和圆形分布方法进行分析。结果 海南省2004-2012年斑疹伤寒共报告病例396例,年均发病率为0.52/10万,中部内陆地区发病率远高于沿海地区,斑疹伤寒的发病具有明显的季节特征,5-10月为发病高峰（P〈0.01）。男性发病率是女性的1.29倍,0-5岁组发病率最高,职业以农民、散居儿童和学生发病为主。病例分类以临床诊断病例为主,占52.53%。结论 海南省斑疹伤寒的防控工作应以中部山区、农民、散居儿童和学生为重点,同时应加强实验室检测能力培训,提高实验室诊断病例的比例,进一步明确诊断。Objective The aim is to understand the prevalence and laws of typhus in Hainan and provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of typhus. Methods The data of typhus cases from 2004 to 2012 were analyzed with descriptive epidemiological and circular distribution method. Results 396 cases of typhus were reported in Hainan from 2004 to 2012 with an average annual incidence rate of 0.52/100 000. The incidence rate of typhus in central inland areas was higher than in coastal region. There was a distinct seasonal variation in the occurrence of typhus. The period from May to October was the peak （P〈0.01）.The incidence rate in males was 1.29 times higher than females. There was the highest incidence rate in the age group of 0-5 years. Peasant workers, scattered living children and students contributed the most of cases. The clinically diagnosed cases, which accounting for 52.53 percent, contributed the most cases. Conclusion The prevention and control of typhus should be emphasized in central inland, peasants, scattered living children and students in future. The ability of laboratory detection should be strengthened to increase the ratio of clinically diagnosed cases and make a definite diagnaosis.

关 键 词：斑疹伤寒 监测 立克次体 海南省 

分 类 号：R184[医药卫生—流行病学]