小麦全蚀病菌拮抗菌株FY1的筛选和鉴定  

Screening and Identification of Antagonistic Strain FY1 against Gaeumannomyces graminis

作　　者：张帆[1] 杨丽荣[2] 薛保国[2] 全鑫[2] 吴坤[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学生命科学学院,河南郑州450002 [2]河南省农业科学院植物保护研究所,河南郑州450002

出　　处：《河南农业科学》2014年第5期88-92,共5页Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：科技部"十二五"科技计划项目(2012BAD19B04);河南省财政厅农业科技创新项目(201315604);河南省科研发展专项资金项目(20137916)

摘　　要：为了获得针对小麦全蚀病的优质生防资源,从河南省不同地区的土壤中分离到150株细菌菌株,经过平板对峙法测定,筛选出3株对小麦全蚀病菌具有较强拮抗作用的菌株,其中菌株FY1的拮抗活性最强,相对抑菌率达59.0%。盆栽接种防病测试结果表明,该菌株可显著降低小麦全蚀病的发病程度,防治效果为72.45%,与目前常用的化学药剂全蚀净的防治效果(79.04%)相当。显微镜下观察发现,被抑制的全蚀病菌菌丝呈现畸形,顶端膨大,并有原生质外渗现象。经过形态观察、生理生化试验和16SrDNA序列分析,初步鉴定FY1为枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)。For the purpose of getting biocontrol resource to prevent wheat take-all disease,150 bacterial strains were isolated from soils in different regions of Henan province.After antagonistic test on the plate,three strains were selected,having a strong antifungal impact on Gaeumannomyces graminis var.tritici（Ggt）.In particular,the strain FY1 was the best among these three strains,whose relative antifungal rate reached 59.0%.The result of pot test illustrated that this strain could significantly reduce the severity of wheat take-all disease,and almost had the same control effect（72.45%） compared with the common chemical agent Latitude（79.04%）.The mycelia of Ggt treated with strain FY1 was deformed,swollen at the top and protoplasm-exuded when observed by microscope.Through the observation of conformation,physical and biochemical research and 16S rDNA sequence analysis,FY1 strain was identified as Bacillus subtilis.

关 键 词：小麦全蚀病 拮抗菌 枯草芽孢杆菌 筛选 鉴定 抑菌作用 防效 

分 类 号：S435.121[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]