震后交通管制下多出救点应急物资调运问题  

Post-earthquake multi-depot relief distribution under traffic control

作　　者：李双琳[1,2] 马祖军[2] 

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学交通运输与物流学院,成都610031 [2]西南交通大学经济管理学院物流与应急管理研究所,成都610031

出　　处：《管理科学学报》2014年第5期1-13,共13页Journal of Management Sciences in China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(70771094;90924012;71090402);教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划资助项目(NCET-10-0706);高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金资助项目(20090184110029);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(SWJ-TU11CX152;2682013CX073);四川省青年科技基金资助项目(09ZQ026-021);四川省哲学社会科学研究规划资助项目(SC11B049);四川省学术和技术带头人培养资金资助项目(川人社办发[2011]441号;川财社[2012]319号);富士康科技集团"擢才创研计划"资助项目(11F81210005)

摘　　要：震后如何确定有效的应急物资调运路径是救灾管理部门的一项核心工作.为提高救援成效,并尽量减少对非灾民的影响,在综合考虑震后灾区路网受损以及为避免交通拥挤而实施交通管制的情况下,研究多出救点应急物资调运优化问题.以最早应急时间和因交通管制引起的平均扰民程度最小为目标,建立了用户均衡交通量指派条件下的多目标应急物资调运路径优化模型,并设计了非支配解排序遗传算法(NSGA-II)进行求解.最后,以1994年美国北岭地震为背景构造算例进行验证,结果表明:通过实施交通管制可以使最早应急时间提前,但会对非灾民的出行造成一定的影响;而当给定救援结束时间时,根据应急物资消耗速率可以计算最早应急时间,从而制定相应的交通管制策略.To generate adequate distribution routes for effective traffic management system. By considering the traffic control executed to avoid traffic congestion, the relief materials after an earthquake is the kernel of an road network partially destroyed by earthquake and the post-earthquake multi-depot relief distribution problem was explored to improve the rescue efficiency and reduce the influence on non-victim people. A multi-objective optimization model for user equilibrium-based post-earthquake relief distribution problem was developed to minimize the earliest start time of emergency response and the disturbance of traffic control of non-victim people. A no-dominate sort genetics algorithm （NSGA-II） was designed to solve the model. Finally, the 1994 Northridge earthquake is taken as an example to verify the model and algorithm. The results show that the earliest start time of emergency responses can be advanced by implementing traffic control measures at the expense of the travel inconvenience of non-victim people. Given the end time of emergency responses, the earliest start time of emergency responses can be calculated corresponding traffic control strategy can be set down. according to the material consumption speed, and the

关 键 词：地震灾害 应急物资 调运路径 交通管制 交通量指派 

分 类 号：U491[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理] F252[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]