澳洲坚果花粉保存及生活力测定  

Preservation and Viability Determination of Macadamia Pollen

作　　者：杨帆[1] 陶丽[2] 陈丽兰[2] 范秋红[2] 倪书邦[2] 

机构地区：[1]云南省农业科学院热带亚热带经济作物研究所,云南保山678000 [2]云南省热带作物科学研究所,云南景洪666100

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2014年第13期126-130,共5页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：云南省科技厅重点新产品开发计划"澳洲坚果新品种(系)选育"(2009BB005);农业部热带作物资源保护项目"澳洲坚果种质圃"(10RZZY-14)

摘　　要：为研究澳洲坚果花粉最佳保存方法,为人工授粉提高产量及杂交育种亲本组合提供理论依据,以澳洲坚果品种D的花粉为材料,采用自然干燥,干燥皿干燥,40℃烘箱干燥3种干燥方式,分别干燥2、6、10、24 h,并在低温(4℃)条件下保存5、10、15、20、25、30天,以琼脂培养法测定花粉萌发率。结果表明:自然干燥和干燥皿干燥方式下花粉萌发率差异不显著,但两者均极显著高于40℃烘箱干燥方式下的花粉萌发率;自然干燥下4个干燥时间在保存了20天内的花粉萌发力均能用于人工授粉;干燥皿干燥2、6 h保存20天内的花粉萌发率均在15%以上,可以在生产中应用;40℃烘箱干燥方式处理下,所有干燥时间和保存时间的花粉萌发力均在15%以下,对于人工授粉没有价值;在低温(4℃)保存下,澳洲坚果花粉萌发率以自然干燥方式下干燥2 h保存5天最佳,为42.24%;但是综合考虑外界环境调控的容易程度,在生产中选择干燥皿干燥方式为最佳。In order to study the pollen preservation methods of macadamia and provide a theoretical basis forthe artificial pollination to increased production and cross breeding of parental combination, the pollen ofmacadamia cultivars D was used as material, three drying methods include natural drying, drying in dishes anddrying in 40℃ oven were used. The pollen were drying in the 40℃ oven for 2, 6, 10 and 24 h respectively, thenpreserved in 4℃ for 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 d, the pollen germination rate were determined in agar culture.The result showed that there were no significant differences of pollen germination rates between natural dryingand drying dishes, but they all significantly higher than 40℃ oven. The pollen dried in natural and preserved20 days can be used for artificial pollination. The germination rate of macadamia pollen which dried in dryingdishes for 2 hours and 6 hours and then preserved 20 days were higher than 15%, this pollen can be used inproduction. The germination rate of macadamia pollen which dried in 40℃ oven was lower than 15% and hadno value for artificial pollination. The germination rate of macadamia pollen which dried in natural for 2 hoursand preserved in 4℃ for 5 days was 42.24%, it was the highest. Considering the convenience of environmentregulation, the drying dishes were the best choice in production.

关 键 词：澳洲坚果 花粉萌发率 干燥方式 干燥时间 保存时间 

分 类 号：S6[农业科学—园艺学]