香梨优斑螟有效积温测定及其在中国适生区的预测  

Measurement of Effective Cumulative Temperatures and Prediction of Potential Geographic Distribution of Euzophera pyriella Yang in China

作　　者：侯世星[1] 马聪慧[1] 马姝岑[1] 朱银飞[2] 温俊宝[1,2] 孙世国 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学林学院,北京100083 [2]新疆农业大学科技处,乌鲁木齐830000 [3]新疆阿克苏地区林业科学研究所,新疆阿克苏843000

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2014年第13期304-308,共5页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目"香梨优斑螟与梨树腐烂病种间关系及其相互作用机制"(31060115);新疆自治区科技基础条件平台建设项目"新疆果树害虫香梨优斑螟性引诱剂开发及测报防治技术研究"(PT0912);教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划(NCET-10-0224)

摘　　要：香梨优斑螟Euzophera pyriella Yang是新疆特有的果树蛀干害虫。为进一步研究香梨优斑螟的基本生物学特性,为预测预报及综合防治提供理论依据。采用变温和定温相结合的方法,测定香梨优斑螟的发育起点温度和有效积温,并在此基础上利用CLIMEX软件对香梨优斑螟中国适生区进行预测。香梨优斑螟卵、幼虫、蛹以及世代的发育起点温度为(7.32±2.39)、(7.28±1.88)、(4.06±1.87)和(6.85±1.63)℃,有效积温为(94.77±10.82)、(525.09±51.27)、(194.96±18.52)和(806.14±65.75)℃·d,推断出香梨优斑螟在新疆阿克苏和库尔勒地区1年发生3代;香梨优斑螟中国适生区主要分布在河北、河南、山东、山西、陕西、宁夏、甘肃、新疆、内蒙古、黑龙江、吉林、辽宁、江苏北部、安徽北部、湖北西北部、云南北部、四川大部分地区以及西藏东部的小部分地区。提出应根据香梨优斑螟历期预测式预测其发生期,适时防治;并加强检疫,防止向其他地区扩散。Euzophera pyriella Yang, which had caused a great economic loss to fruit industry in Xinjiang, isone of the unique fruit pests in Xinjiang. To further study the basic biological characteristics of Euzopherapyriella Yang and provide theoretical basis for forecast and IPM, the developmental threshold temperatures andeffective accumulated temperatures were analyzed with the method of effective accumulated temperatureprinciple under the situation of constant temperature and variable temperature. On that basis, the prediction ofpotential geographic distribution of Euzophera pyriella Yang in China was also studied by using the CLIMEX.The results showed that the developmental threshold temperatures and effective accumulated temperatures ofEuzophera pyriella Yang for egg, larva, pupae and generation respectively were（7.32±2.39）,（7.28±1.88）,（4.06±1.87）,（6.85±1.63）℃ and（94.77±10.82）,（525.09±51.27）,（194.96±18.52）,（806.14±65.75）℃·d.Euzophera pyriella Yang accomplished 3 generations per year in Aksu and Korla. The suitable habitats ofEuzophera pyriella Yang were Hebei, Henan, Shandong, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Ningxia, Gansu, Xinjiang, InnerMongolia, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, north of Jiangsu, north of Anhui, northwest of Hubei, north of Yunnan,most areas of Sichuan and small areas of east Tibet in China. This paper pointed out that the period of outbreakshould be forecasted with the forecasting formula, and the measures of prevention and control were carriedthrough timely. The quarantine was strengthened, and nonproliferation became feasible only through highlyvaluation.

关 键 词：香梨优斑螟 发育起点温度 有效积温 适生区预测 

分 类 号：S433.4[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]