玉米自交系植株性状与单株产量相关性研究  

The Correlation of Plant Traits and Yield of Maize Inbred Lines

作　　者：刘卫星[1,2] 闫向泉 朱伟 孟自立 孟彦 王晨阳[2] 

机构地区：[1]河南省商丘市农林科学院,河南商丘476000 [2]河南农业大学/国家小麦工程技术研究中心,郑州450002

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2014年第15期216-219,共4页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金："十二五"国家科技支撑计划项目"小麦玉米两熟持续高产高效技术集成研究与示范"(2011BAD16B07);"河南冬小麦夏玉米大面积均衡增产技术集成研究与示范"(2012BAD04B07);公益性行业科研专项"小麦/玉米周年氮肥高效利用栽培技术研究与示范"(201203079)

摘　　要：为研究玉米自交系主要植株性状与单株产量的相关性,选择代表性的父本、母本自交系采取随机区组设计,测定其主要植株性状和单株产量。结果表明,穗行数、行粒数、穗位高、雄穗分支数、节间长与单株产量均显著正相关,其中,穗行数与单株产量的相关性最强,相关系数达0.8824。株高与节间长、穗位高(r=0.7372)、穗行数和雄穗分支数显著正相关。穗长与百粒重极显著正相关(r=0.6631)。出籽率与穗行数、行粒数极显著正相关。在自交系选育过程中,穗行数、行粒数等穗部性状直接影响自交系的单株产量,但株高等同样是自交系选育的关键性状,自交系选育要兼顾穗部性状和植株性状,以获得株型适中兼大穗型的高产品种。To study the correlation of main plant characters and yield per plant of maize inbred lines,representative male and female inbred lines were selected by random block design, and the main plant characters and yield per plant were measured. The results showed that, number of rows per ear, kernels per row, ear height, tassel branch number, internode length were positive correlation with yield per plant significantly, number of rows per ear and yield per plant were the strongest correlation, and the correlation coefficient was 0.8824. Plant height and internode length, ear height（r=0.7372）, number of rows per ear and tassel branch were significantly positive correlation. The ear length and 100-grain weight was significantly positive correlation（r=0.6631）. The rate of seed grain number per row was significantly positive correlation with the number of rows per ear. In the breeding process of inbred lines, number of rows per ear, kernels per row, ear characters affected the inbred lines of yield per plant directly, but plant height and so on were also key traits of inbred line breeding, the selection of inbred lines should consider both characters of plant and characters of panicle so as to obtain high-yielding varieties which are middle plant types with and big spikes.Selection of inbred lines should focus on both characters and plant characters of panicle, to obtain good plant type varieties with high-yielding and big spike type.

关 键 词：玉米自交系 植株性状 穗部性状 单株产量 相关性 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]