植物一氧化氮合成(清除)体系及其生理作用的研究进展  

The Progress of Research on Nitric oxide Producing(Scavenging) Systems and Their Physiological Effects in Plant

作　　者：马玉涵[1] 蒋圣娟[1] 张晓龙[1] 赵岩[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽科技学院生命科学学院,安徽凤阳233100

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2014年第15期241-250,共10页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：安徽省高等学校省级优秀青年人才基金项目"以一氧化氮合成体系为靶标的蝴蝶兰抗寒剂研制"(2011SQRL119);安徽省自然科学基金项目"NO与H2S调控灵芝木质素生物合成的研究"(11040606M96)

摘　　要：一氧化氮是植物体内重要的气体信号分子,参与了多种生理过程和胁迫响应。为了阐述植物一氧化氮的产生和消除情况,本研究对植物体一氧化氮的产生体系、清除体系、缓冲和储存体系进行了归纳说明。其中,产生体系依据底物、反应性质、细胞定位不同可分为两大类七小类;清除体系主要为非共生血红蛋白和自由基(及其抗氧化)系统;而缓冲和储存体系主要为S-亚硝基-谷胱甘肽(GSNO)及其还原酶(GSNOR)。在此基础上,进一步总结了不同一氧化氮体系在不同生理(胁迫)条件下所执行的功能。文章最后分析了目前针对植物一氧化氮的产生(清除)方面仍未解决的问题,如体内一氧化氮作用的剂量,植物NOS-like存在的试验控制条件的标准化问题,多胺与一氧化氮作用相关性等。As an important gas signaling molecular, nitric oxide （NO） is the key player in plant development and involved in physiological process and response to different kinds of stress. To clarify the producing and eliminating process of nitric oxide in vivo, the plant nitric oxide biosynthetic, scavenging, and buffering （reservoir） systems were expounded at length. The synthetic systems could be divided into two categories, seven small classes based on the substrate, reaction properties, and cellular localization. Scavenging systems mainly included non symbiotic hemoglobin and free radicals （and their antioxidant enzymes）. The buffering （reservoir） systems were mainly composed of S-nitroso-glutathione （GSNO） and glutathione reductase （GSNOR）. Furthermore, the physiological effects of various nitric oxide systems in different physiological （stress） conditions had been summarized. Finally, the unsolved problems in plant nitric oxide producing （clear） were analyzed, such as the normal levels of nitric oxide in plants physiology, the standardization of test control in searching for the plants＂ NOS-like enzymes, correlation between polyamines and nitric oxide.

关 键 词：一氧化氮 硝酸还原酶 一氧化氮合酶 多胺 

分 类 号：S311[农业科学—作物栽培与耕作技术] Q945[农业科学—农艺学]