深圳市宝安区产后抑郁症发病情况及相关因素研究  

An investigation on the incidence and related factors of postpartum depression in Bao'an district of Shenzhen city

作　　者：邓秀良[1] 张泉水[1] 侯粤虎[1] 章杰[2] 唐建军[1] 王曼[1] 

机构地区：[1]深圳市宝安区慢性病防治院心理卫生中心,广东518126 [2]汕头大学精神卫生中心

出　　处：《社区医学杂志》2014年第9期58-60,共3页Journal Of Community Medicine

摘　　要：目的调查深圳市宝安区产后抑郁症(postpartum depression,PPD)的发病现状及其相关因素,为防治PPD提供参考。方法选取2011年7—10月在深圳市宝安区妇幼保健院和宝安区海华社区健康服务中心随访的607名产后42 d内的产妇为研究对象,采用爱丁堡产后抑郁调查量表(Edinburgh postnatal depression scale,EPDS)对产妇进行问卷调查,对筛查阳性者以《美国精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第4版(diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders fourth edition,DSM-IV)为诊断标准进行诊断。统计方法包括描述性统计分析、χ2检验、Logistic回归分析,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果 607名被调查者中EPDS≥13分51名,阳性率为8.4%。以DSM-IV为标准最终19名符合PPD诊断标准,发生率为3.1%。是否满意婴儿性别、与长辈关系好坏、是否担心身材改变三个因素对PPD有影响(均P<0.05);不同年龄、文化程度、人均家庭月收入、婴儿照料方式、怀孕次数、是否计划怀孕等因素对PPD无影响(均P>0.05)。将有统计学意义的变量同时带入Logistic回归模型,进行逐步回归分析,对婴儿性别不满意、与长辈关系不好、担心身材改变是PPD发生的危险因素(均P<0.05)。结论深圳市宝安区产妇产后EPDS阳性率较高,妇幼保健机构和综合医院妇产科以及社区健康服务中心的医务人员都应密切观察产妇产后情绪变化,采取多种措施积极防治PPD。Objective To investigate the incidence and related factors of postpartum depression（PPD） in Bao＇an district of Shen- zhcn city.Methods A total of 607 postpartum women within 42 days after births who were followed-up by Bao＇an Maternity and Child Care Hospital,and Haihua Community Health Service Center were selected for a questionnaire survey with Edinburgh postnatal depression Scale（EPDS） from July to October in 2011.DSM-IV was used as the criteria for the diagnosis of PPD.Statisti- eal methods included descriptive statistical analysisp（2 test and Logistic regression analysis,and the result of P〈0.05 was consid- ered statistically significant.Results According to the EPDS,51 of 607 cases got 13 points or above （the positive rate was 8.4%）, and 19 cases were diagnosed as PPD by DSM-IV （the incidence rate was 3.1%）.The influential factors on PPD included satisfac- tion with baby gender, close relationship with the elderly and big concern about body figure changing（P〈O.05 ）.Age,education lev- el,family monthly income,baby care methods,frequency of pregnancies,and planning of pregnancy had no influence on PPD （P〉0.05）. The statistically significant variables were included simuhaneously into the Logistic regression model for a stepwise regression analysis.The analysis showed that dissatisfaction with baby gender, poor relationship with the elderly and big concern with body figure changing were the risk factors of PPD.Conclusion The positive rate of EPDS is relatively higher among postpartum wom- en in Bao＇an district of Shenzhen city.Medical professionals from maternal and child healthcare institutions,department of obstet- rics in comprehensive hospitals,and community health service center should closely observe the emotional changes in puerperae and adopt a variety of measures to prevent and control PPD.

关 键 词：产后抑郁症 爱丁堡产后抑郁量表 美国精神疾病诊断与统计手册 影响因素 

分 类 号：R195.4[医药卫生—卫生统计学]