刺萼龙葵提取物对麦长管蚜杀虫活性研究初报  

Preliminary study on insecticidal activity of Solanum rostratum Dunal.extracts against Sitobion avenae F.

作　　者：陶晡[1,2] 齐爱勇[1,2] 邢庆新[2] 张金林[2] 

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学科技管理处,河北保定071001 [2]河北农业大学植物保护学院,河北保定071001

出　　处：《中国植保导刊》2014年第5期8-10,共3页China Plant Protection

基　　金：河北省教育厅青年基金(Q2012085);国家自然科学基金(31171877)

摘　　要：利用95%乙醇分别提取刺萼龙葵(Solanum rostratum Dunal.)幼苗期、青果期、成熟期的整株植物和青果期的果实、茎叶和根中生物活性物质,同时比较了浸提法、微波法、超声波法在提取青果期生物活性物质中的差异,采用浸渍法分别测定了各提取物对麦长管蚜的杀虫活性。结果表明,不同生育期提取物的杀虫活性存在差异,青果期提取物的杀虫活性最高,24h校正死亡率为76.49%,幼苗期最低,为1.97%。刺萼龙葵不同部位活性物质的提取率差异显著。果实最高,为0.086%,杀虫活性最好,24h校正死亡率为80.48%;根的提取率最低(0.046%),杀虫活性仅8.09%。在刺萼龙葵活性物质提取的方法中,超声波法和微波法优于浸提法,其提取物杀虫活性也比浸提法高20%。Bioactive substances at the seeding statge, flowering period, mature period and fruit formation from plant stem, leaf and root of Solanum rostratum Dunal were extracted by using 95% ethanol. Methods of extraction, microwave and ultrasonic were compared in fruit period. The insecticidal activity of extracts to Sitobion avenae （F.） was studied by dipping method in this paper. The main results indicated that there was some difference at insecticidal activity from different development stages. Extracts from the fruit had best insecticidal activity, and its corrected mortality can reach up to 76.49% after 24 h. On the contrary, extracts from the seeding had lowest insecticidal activity, 1.97%. In addition, extracted rate of fruit, root, stem and leaf was obviously different. Among them, extracts from the fruit had the best extracted rate （0.086） and best insecticidal activity with corrected mortality of 80.48% after 24 hours. Meanwhile, extracts from the root had lowest extracted rate （0.046） and the lowest insecticidal activity of 8.09%. Otherwise, the ultrasonic wave extraction and microwave extraction were better than extraction. Both of extracted rate and insecticidal activity increased 20% more than extraction.

关 键 词：刺萼龙葵 提取物 麦长管蚜 生物活性 

分 类 号：S482[农业科学—农药学]