船用汽轮机变工况长叶片技术研究  

Study of Long Blade Technologies for Marine Steam Turbines Under the Off-design Operating Conditions

作　　者：康磊[1] 张秀峰[1] 王超[1] 罗小明[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国船舶重工集团公司第七0三研究所,黑龙江哈尔滨150078 [2]哈尔滨汽轮机厂有限责任公司,黑龙江哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《热能动力工程》2014年第3期242-248,339-340,共7页Journal of Engineering for Thermal Energy and Power

摘　　要：船用汽轮机具有多工况、变转速的实际运行特点,采用数值模拟方法对低压汽轮机末级长叶片进行了多工况气动优化,对原型叶片、改型叶片和弯曲叶片的总体性能,损失系数做出两种工况下的对比分析;结果表明:改型叶片、弯曲叶片使反动度沿着叶高分布更加均匀,通过优化使其在变工况时的沿着叶高的攻角值更小,可使得额定工况的效率提高0.5%-1%;而低工况的经济性能提高更多,改型叶片和后加载叶片能使变工况性能提高4%和7%左右,达到了优化的初衷:即在不降低额定效率的前提下,大幅度提高低工况下的经济性能。Marine steam turbines are characterized by their multiple operating conditions and variable rotating speeds etc. actual operating peculiarities. The authors have performed an aerodynamic optimization of the long blades in the last stage of a low pressure steam turbine under the multi-operating conditions by using a numerical simulation method and a contrast and analysis of the overall performance and loss coefficients of the prototype blade,retrofitted blade and bent blade under two operating conditions. The research results show that the retrofitted blade and bent blade can make the reaction of the blade along the blade height be more uniform and through the optimization,the attack angle values along the blade height under the off-design operating conditions are smaller,thus enhancing the effi-ciency by 0. 5%- 1% at the rated load while heightening the economic performance under the low load operating conditions far more than those above-mentioned. The retrofitted blade and rear-loaded blade can enhance the performance under the off-design operating conditions by around 4% and 7%,thus attaining the original intention: under the precondition that the efficiency at the rated load is not becoming lower,the economic performance under the low load operating conditions can enhance by a large margin.

关 键 词：变工况 长叶片 弯扭叶片 二次流 附面层 

分 类 号：TK262[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]