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作 者:王泽[1] 陈波浪[1] 盛建东[1] 谷海斌[1]
机构地区:[1]新疆农业大学草业与环境科学学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830052
出 处:《干旱地区农业研究》2014年第3期144-149,共6页Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas
基 金:国家科技支撑计划(2007BAD36B07);新疆自治区科技厅支撑计划课题(201031103);自治区科技厅条件平台建设项目(PT1009);国家林业局重点推广项目(2010TK77);自治区土壤学重点学科资助
摘 要:以新疆环塔里木盆地阿克苏红旗坡农场5年生红枣树为研究对象,在全年施肥量(纯N 675kg·hm-2、P2O5540kg·hm-2、K2O 135kg·hm-2)一定条件下,通过田间施肥试验,研究氮磷钾不同配施比例对红枣树生理特性及果实品质的影响。结果表明:萌芽前期施纯N、P2O5、K2O肥270、180、67.5kg·hm-2,开花期施纯N、P2O5肥202.5、180kg·hm-2,果实膨大期施纯N、P2O5、K2O肥202.5、180、67.5kg·hm-2的综合效果佳,有利于枣树茁壮生长和果实品质的提高。与常规施肥相比,红枣树开花期、幼果期、果实膨大期和成熟期的叶绿素SPAD值增幅分别为6%、4%、5%和11%;各测量时段09∶00、11∶00、13∶00、15∶00、17∶00、19∶00的净光合速率分别提高11%、14%、16%、82%、15%、44%;气孔导度分别提高34%、25%、30%、132%、129%、96%;胞间CO2浓度分别降低13%、22%、14%、18%、24%、15%;蒸腾速率分别降低50%、45%、28%、24%、33%、52%;果实维生素C、还原糖、蛋白质含量最高,分别为6.41mg/100g、19.33%和2.53%,差异显著。Using 5-year old trees in southern Xinjiang ,a field experiment was conducted to measure the effect of N∶P∶K ratio on physiological traits and fruit quality of Zizyphus jujube trees .Results showed the favorable effect on jujube tree growth and fruit quality of applying N (270 kg·hm^-2 ) ,P2O5 (180kg·hm^-2 ) and K2O(67 .5 kg·hm^-2 ) at early stage ,P2O5 (202 .5kg·hm^-2 ) and K2O (180 kg·hm^-2 ) at flowering stage and N (202 .5kg·hm^-2 ) ,P2O5 (180 kg·hm^-2 ) ,and K2O (67 .5kg·hm^-2 ) at fruiting stage .Compared with conventional method ,chlorophyll SPAD of each period for combined application treatment for the four periods ,i .e .,flower stage ,young fruit stage ,fruit expanding stage , and fruit havest stage was increased by 6% ,4% ,5% ,and 6% .Net photosynthetic rate of each period at the time 09∶00 ,11∶00 ,13∶00 ,15∶00 ,17∶00 and 19∶00 was increased by 11% ,14% ,11% ,82% ,15% ,and 44% ,stomatal conductance by 34% ,25% ,34% ,132% ,129% ,and 96% ,intercellular CO2 by 13% ,22% ,14% ,22% ,24%and 15% ,and transpiration rate by 50% ,45% ,28% ,45% ,33% and 52% .In addition ,fruit vitamin C ,reducing sugar ,and protein content were 6 .41mg·100^g-1 ,19 .33% and 2 .53% ,respectively ,being significantly different from those of conventional fertilization .
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