华北冬小麦开花及成熟期变化特征分析  

Characteristics of variations in growth stages of winter wheat in North China Plain

作　　者：邱美娟[1] 刘建栋[1] 邬定荣[1] 刘玲[1] 王治海[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国气象科学研究院生态环境与农业气象研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《干旱地区农业研究》2014年第3期250-255,共6页Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas

基　　金：国家科技部公益性行业(气象)科研专项(GYHY201206022);国家科技部公益性行业科研专项(GYHY201106030)

摘　　要：利用华北平原59个农业气象观测站1981-2010年冬小麦生育期资料，分析了该区域冬小麦在气候变暖背景下开花期和成熟期的变化趋势特征。研究结果表明：近30年来，华北平原冬小麦开花期和成熟期均发生了明显变化。相对1980s而言，1990s开花期普遍提前2～5 d ，成熟期提前1～6 d左右，2000s开花期则一般提前3～9 d，成熟期提前1～7d左右。因此，随着年代推进，华北平原冬小麦开花期和成熟期提前趋势在进一步加剧。相对1980s而言，1990s生育期等值线普遍北移，而2000s等值线进一步北移的趋势更加明显。研究发现，3-5月月平均气温升高是开花期和成熟期提前的一个重要影响因素。Based on observation data of 59 agro-meteorological stations in North China Plain during 1981-2010 , response of flowering and maturity stage of winter wheat to global warming was investigated .The results showed that there exits marked variation in the flowering and maturity stage of winter wheat in North China Plain during the observation years .In Comparison with 1980s ,the flowering date of 1990’s had been moved up by 2~5 days ,and the maturity date 1~6 days in advance .For 2000s ,the flowering date was 3~9 days in advance ,maturity date 1~7 days .Therefore , there is an increasing trend that both the flowering and maturity dates had been moved up ,partially associated with the average monthly temperature from March to May .

关 键 词：冬小麦 气候变化 开花期 成熟期 华北平原 

分 类 号：S512.11[农业科学—作物学] S162.5