不同高温水平对虾夷扇贝存活率、耗氧率和体腔液免疫酶活力的影响  

Survival rate,oxygen consumption rate and immune enzymetic activity of Mizuhopecten yessoensis at high temperature

作　　者：郝振林[1] 唐雪娇[1] 丁君[1] 贲月[1] 常亚青[1] 

机构地区：[1]大连海洋大学农业部北方海水增养殖重点实验室,辽宁大连116023

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2014年第6期1580-1586,共7页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家海洋公益性行业科研专项(201205031);国家"948"项目(2011-G12);国家"863"项目(2012AA10A410);辽宁省教育厅科研项目(L2011118)资助

摘　　要：实验室内营造不同升温模式,研究了2种规格（10和46月龄）虾夷扇贝（Mizuhopecten yessoensis）的存活率、耗氧率及体腔液免疫酶活力对不同高温水平（20、22、24、26、28℃）的响应,分析了2种规格虾夷扇贝在不同升温模式下的耐高温能力。实验设计了缓慢升温和快速升温2种升温模式。缓慢升温模式,将在15℃暂养的2种规格扇贝分别驯化到20、22、24、26和28℃温度水平（升温幅度为1℃·d^-1）,暂养14 d后进行实验。快速升温模式,将在15℃暂养的2种规格扇贝分别快速升温到20、24及28℃温度水平（升温幅度为4℃·d-1）,暂养1 d后进行实验。结果表明：缓慢升温模式时,随温度升高,扇贝存活率逐渐降低,28℃时,46和10月龄贝存活率最低分别为96.7%和77.3%,此外,26-28℃时,各实验处理组,46月龄贝存活率显著高于10月龄贝（P〈0.05）;2种规格扇贝耗氧率随温度升高均呈先上升后下降趋势;15-24℃时,10月龄贝的耗氧率显著高于46月龄贝（P〈0.05）;28℃时,10和46月龄贝的耗氧率降至最低,分别为0.527和0.482 mg·g^-1·h^-1;另外,扇贝的体腔液免疫酶活力随温度升高也均呈现先上升后下降的变化趋势,且在相同升温模式下,46月龄贝的免疫酶活力显著高于10月龄贝（P〈0.05）。综上,规格较大的虾夷扇贝在不同高温水平时均表现出较强的耐高温能力。Different temperature heating modes were designed to study the response of two-size scallops（ 10 months and 46 months old） at different high temperature levels（ 20,22,24,26,28 ℃） and their capabilities in resisting high temperature under different heating modes（ slow heating and abrupt heating）,and the survival rate,oxygen consumption rate and immune enzyme activity were investigated in this paper. In the slow heating pattern,scallops reared in 15 ℃ were acclimatized to the different temperature levels 20,22,24,26 and 28 ℃（ temperature increased1 ℃ per day）,and then maintained for 15 days. In the abrupt heating pattern,the rearing temperature was increased from 15 to 20,24,and 28 ℃ at a rate of 4 ℃ per day,and maintained for 1 day. The results showed that the survival rates of scallops decreased with increasing the temperature under the slow heating mode,and the survival rates of 46-and 10-month-old scallops were 96. 7% and 77. 3% at 28 ℃ respectively. The 46-month-old scallops had a significantly higher survival rate than the 10-month-old ones when they were exposed to each temperature treatment（ P〈0. 05）. The two-size scallops had similar oxygen consumption changes under the test temperature treatments,firstly the oxygen consumption increase,followed by a quick decrease with rising the water temperature. The 10-month-old scallops had a significantly higher oxygen consumption rate than the 46-month-old ones when they exposed to 15-24 ℃ temperature（ P〈0. 05）. When water temperature reached 28 ℃,the oxygen consumption rates of 46- and 10-monthold scallops both dropped to the lowest with values at 0. 482 and 0. 527 mg·g^- 1·h^- 1,respectively.The related immune enzyme activities of the two-size scallops also had a similar change at the variable temperatures,however,the 46-month-old scallops had a significantly higher value for the immune enzyme activities than the small-size ones when they were in the same treatment（ P〈0. 05）. In a word,our results suggested tha

关 键 词：虾夷扇贝 高温 存活率 耗氧率 免疫酶活力 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]