基于原位测定的河北坝上地区小尺度土壤盐分空间变异研究  

In Situ Measurement Based Study on Spatial Variability of Soil Salinity at Small Scale in Bashang Region of Hebei Province

作　　者：李蕴雄[1] 张卓栋[1] 赵维姗 蔡宏钰 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学地理学与遥感科学学院,北京100875

出　　处：《地理与地理信息科学》2014年第3期99-103,共5页Geography and Geo-Information Science

基　　金：国家基础科学人才培养基金项目(J1103403);国家自然科学基金项目(41301282);北京师范大学青年科学基金(理科)项目

摘　　要：采用EC-Probe型盐度传感器对河北坝上草地阴坡(长40m、宽30m的矩形样地)10cm和30cm土层进行土壤全盐量原位测定,利用ArcGIS 10.0软件中地统计分析模块对土壤含盐量的空间自相关性进行分析,研究阴坡区域小尺度的含盐量空间分异规律及其影响因素。结果表明,坝上地区坡地土壤10cm层平均含盐量为0.411g/kg,土壤盐分明显存在空间相关性,含盐量与坡度呈负相关关系,并且坡度陡降区域的含盐量明显高于处于相同坡度的含盐量的平均值;30cm层平均含盐量为0.408g/kg,该层空间相关性不强。小尺度条件下坡面上浅层土壤的盐分变异性要比深层土壤大。该研究区没有表现出盐渍化现象,但在道路两侧不同放牧强度影响下含盐量表现出均值与变异系数的突变,提升了盐渍化的风险。在坝上地区土地整体退化的背景下,应合理组织放牧,防止放牧强度过大导致的次生盐渍化风险,并应重视坡度较小及坡度陡降区域盐渍化的预防。This research measured the soil total salt in 10 cm layer and 30 cm layer using EC-Probe salinity sensor.The salinity spatial distribution was studied by means of geostatistical analysis in ArcGIS10.0.The factors influencing small scale salinity distribution in shade slop was studied in a 40 m× 30 m rectangle research area.Results show that the average salinity of 10 cm layer is 0.411 g/kg,and that of 30 cm layer is 0.408 g/kg.The salinity of 10 cm layer shows strong spatial autocorrelation while the spatial autocorrelation of the salinity at 30 cm layer is weak.The salinity variability of the superficial layer on the slope is greater than the deeper layer on the condition of small scale.The salinity of 10 cm layer has a negative correlation with slope.The salinity of the area where the slope decreases sharply is obviously higher than the average of the place with the same slope.Because of the different grazing intensities,the salinity in different sides of the road presents considerable changes on both the average and the variable coefficient.The study area did not reach to salinization,however,several measured positions showed potential risk of salinization.In general the soil on the Bashang region is deteriorating,moderating grazing activity is necessary to prevent secondary soil salinization.Much attention should be paid to prevent the soil salinization especially to the areas where the slopes are small or descend sharply in the hillside fields.

关 键 词：坝上地区 小空间尺度 土壤盐分 原位测定 空间变异 

分 类 号：S155.293[农业科学—土壤学]