日本农村剩余劳动力转移经验及启示  

The Transfer of Rural Surplus Labor in Japan —Experience and Implications

作　　者：宋林[1] 高小东[1] 宋健[1] 李峰[2] 

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学经济与金融学院,陕西西安710061 [2]西安电子科技大学经济与管理学院,陕西西安710071

出　　处：《西安交通大学学报（社会科学版）》2014年第3期33-38,45,共7页Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University：Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(10BJL023);教育部人文社会科学基金项目(09XJA790009);中央高校基本科研业务费项目(K5051306014)

摘　　要：中国目前已进入中等收入国家的发展阶段,但中国农村剩余劳动力的转移进程仍然非常滞后。通过比较发现,中国1990-2010年的经济快速增长状况和日本1955-1975年的发展经历十分接近,为此阐析了日本这一时期的农村剩余劳动力转移过程和经验,尤其是日本政府为促进农村剩余劳动力转移而构建的支持性的政策体系。借鉴日本经验,指出中国在农村剩余劳动力的转移方面应构建城乡一体化的基本社会保障体系、减轻农村剩余劳动力的转移成本、缩小城乡差别、发展农村地区的教育体系。China has entered the stage of development of middle - income countries, but China＇s rural surplus laoor transfer process still lags behind enormously. By comparison, we have found that the status of China＇s rapid economic growth in 1990 -2010 is very similar to that during the development process of Japan in 1955 - 1975. Therefore, we elaborate the transfer process and experience of rural surplus labor of Japan during this period, especially the supportive policy system formulated by Japanese government to promote the transfer of surplus rural labor. Using Japanese experience for reference, with respect to the transfer of surplus rural labor, China should construct a basic social security system with urban -rural integration, mitigate transfer cost, narrow urban -rural gap and develop the educational system in rural areas.

关 键 词：剩余劳动力 农业人口转移 二元体制 城市化 日本经验 

分 类 号：F304.6[经济管理—产业经济]