新乡孟庄工业区周边土壤重金属生态风险评价  

Ecological Risk Assessment of Heavy Metal Element in Soil around Mengzhuang Industrial Zone of Xinxiang City

作　　者：王学锋[1] 苏霄雨 尚菲[1] 陈亚青[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南师范大学环境学院、黄淮水环境与污染防治省部共建教育部重点实验室,新乡453007

出　　处：《科学技术与工程》2014年第15期105-109,113,共6页Science Technology and Engineering

基　　金：河南省重点科技攻关项目(082102170002;102102310303)资助

摘　　要：为了调查研究乡镇企业对农村土壤的影响,以孟庄工业区为代表,研究了孟庄工业区周边的土壤,测定了土壤中六种重金属Cd、Ni、Cr、Cu、Pb和Zn的总量。采用欧共体参比司(BCR)制定的三步连续提取法对重金属Cd、Ni和Pb的形态进行分析。参照GB 15618—1995二级标准,结果显示土壤中Cd的含量全部超标,其最高含量达到5.2 mg·kg-1;Ni的含量部分超标,最高达77.3 mg·kg-1;其他几种重金属均未超标。对重金属的形态分析显示,重金属Cd主要以弱酸提取态和可还原态存在,Ni主要以可还原态和残渣态存在,Pb主要以残渣态存在。对土壤样品进行有效性分析并用潜在生态危害指数法进行评价,结果表明,重金属Cd有效态含量较高,为81.7%,潜在生态危害较高,其他几种重金属的潜在生态危害较小,对环境危害不大。In order to investigate the influence of township enterprises on rural soil,the Mengzhuang Industrial Zone as the representative was elected. It was measured the content of 6 kinds of heavy metals（ Cd,Ni,Cu,Pb, Cr and Zn） in the soil around the Mengzhuang industrial zone. The chemical speciation of three kinds of heavy metals was determined according to a modified BCR-sequential extraction procedure. Reference to the secondary standard of GB 15618—1995,the results showed that the concentration of Cd in all samples is seriously overweight. The highest content of Cd was found 5. 2 mg·kg^- 1. The concentration of Ni exceeded bid section,up to 77. 3 mg· kg^- 1; And several other heavy metals were not overweight. The chemical speciation of heavy metals showed that Cd were present at higher percentages in the acid-soluble fractions and reducible fractions,Ni is dominated by the reducible fractions and the residual fractions,Zn was found in the residual fractions. Cd were more mobile and bioavailable in soil,where metals were present at higher percentages in the acid-soluble fractions（ the more labile fraction）. The evolutions of the soil samples by the validity of analysis and the potential ecological risk index shows that heavy metal Cd,effective state content is higher,reaching up to 81. 7%,higher potential ecological harm, move into plant easily and endanger human body health.

关 键 词：土壤重金属 BCR三步提取法 有效性 潜在生态危害指数法 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]