城市边缘区空间破碎化的指标体系及其应用研究——以北京市海淀区上地、清河街道为例  

Space Fragmentation Index System and its Application in the Urban Fringe Area:A Case Study of Shangdi and Qinghe Streets in Beijing

作　　者：张天新[1] 刘凤[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学建筑与景观设计学院,北京100871 [2]北京大学深圳研究生院,广东深圳518055

出　　处：《城市发展研究》2014年第5期I0024-I0029,共6页Urban Development Studies

基　　金："十二五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAJ05B00)课题(2012BAJ05B04)

摘　　要：破碎化是转型期中国大城市空间演化的重要特征,直接关系到城市的可持续发展。以空间破碎化为研究对象,以北京市海淀区上地、清河街道为例,利用GOOGLE地图(1:1500比例尺,空间分辨率0.54m)和实地调研数据,选取地块密度、地块数破碎化指数、地块面积标准变异系数、地块形状破碎化指数与通道密度等五种指标,从地块的规模、形状与通道三个方面,对研究区空间破碎化程度与及其表现和成因进行分析。结果表明,受快速城市化影响,研究区整体空间破碎化程度较高,特别表现在地块面积标准变异系数与地块形状破碎化指数较高,分别为1.574,0.313、0.177。上地街道多核跳跃式的发展模式,使其地块规模与通道破碎化特征突出;清河街道渐进式的发展模式,使其地块形状破碎化特征较为突出。Fragmentation is an important characteristic of the spatial evolution in Chinese big cities, which relates to the sustainable development of the city. This article took space fragmentation as the subject and Shangdi and Qinghe streets in Beijing as examples. Using Google map （scale of 1 ： 1500, spatial resolution of 0.54m） and surveying data, the paper examines such variables like the density of the block, block fragmentation index, block size standard variation coefficient, block shape fragmentation index and the density of the passageway five index. The paper analyzed the fragmentation degree, performances, and causes of the study area from the perspectives of block size, block shape and passageway. The result showes that affected by the rapid urbanization, the characteristics of space fragmentation are significant in the study area, especially characterized by the high block size standard variation coefficient （1.574） and block shape fragmentation index （FS1=0.313, FS2=0.177）. Besides, the Shangdi street is mainly characterized by block size and passageway fragmentation because of its developing mode of multi-core jumping; while the Qinghe street is mainly characterized by block shape fragmentation because of its incremental development pattern

关 键 词：空间破碎化 地块规模 地块形状 通道 城市边缘区 

分 类 号：TU981[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]