地震前兆的象限性特征及其理论分析  

QUADRANT CHARACTERISTICS OF EARTHQUAKE PRECUR SORS AND ITS THEORETICAL ANALYSIS

作　　者：宋治平[1] 徐平[1] 张洪魁[1] 樊智勇[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京市地震局,中国北京100080

出　　处：《地震学报》2001年第1期54-60,共7页Acta Seismologica Sinica

基　　金：北京市自然科学基金! (8992 0 0 8);地震科学联合基金 (1980 85)

摘　　要：在总结华北北部地区唐山、大同地震前地电阻率和形变前兆的象限性特征的基础上 ,分析并发现张北地震前的形变和地电阻率前兆也具有一定的象限性特征 .说明前兆象限性的存在并非偶然 ,是与孕震体的存在有关 .通过岩石实验与理论分析认为 ,在孕震过程中 ,前兆异常确实存在象限性特征 .象限性的空间分布范围并不是固定不变 ,而是具有“逐渐变大—最大—变小”的过程 .并且象限性的上升区与下降区 (或压缩区与膨胀区 )在近源区与远源区不同 .如果基于对前兆象限性的认识 ,指导分析前兆异常不同形态异常的空间分布 。On the basis of quadrant features of the precursors in geo-electricity and deformation in the case of Tangshan earthquake and Datong earthquake in North China, the same feature of geo-electricity and deformation precursors before the Zhangbei earthquake has also been found. It seems that the existence of the quadrant behavior is not accidental, which might be related to existence of the earthquake generations. It is known in terms of rock experiment and theoretical analysis that there exists actually quadrant feature in earthquake-generating process with the range of quadrant spatial distribution unfixed, showing features of (gradual increasing ? maximum ? lessening slightly(, showing that the increasing zone and the decreasing one (or compressing zone and expanding one) of the quadrant in the near-source region could be different from that in the far-source region. Based on the knowledge of quadrant characters of earthquake precursors, we analyze space distributions of different types of precursor anomalies which may be a useful reference for one to predict the location of a strong earthquake occurrence.

关 键 词：地震前兆 象限性 包体流变模型 地电阻率 形变异常 孕震体 

分 类 号：P315.72[天文地球—地震学]