Cr(Ⅵ)胁迫对菖蒲生长与铬积累的影响  

Effects of Cr( Ⅵ) stress on the growth and Cr uptake of Acorus calamus

作　　者：朱四喜[1] 王凤友[1] 刘冬[2] 杨秀琴[1] 张建民[3] 苏春花[1] 吴云杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]贵州民族大学化学与环境科学学院,贵州贵阳550025 [2]环境保护部南京环境科学研究所,江苏南京210042 [3]中国水电顾问集团贵阳贵阳勘测设计研究院,贵州贵阳550081

出　　处：《核农学报》2014年第5期942-947,共6页Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：教育部新世纪人才支持计划项目(NCET-12-0659);贵州省优秀科技教育人才省长资金项目(黔省专合字[2012]71号);贵阳市低碳科技计划项目(筑科合同[2012205]号);贵州省教育厅科技创新人才支持计划项目(黔财教[2012]224号);贵州省科学技术基金项目(黔科合J字LKM[2012]05号;黔科合J字[2011]2363)

摘　　要：在模拟人工湿地实验系统中,添加不同浓度的Cr(Ⅵ)(0、5、10、20、40和60 mg·L-1),研究Cr(Ⅵ)对菖蒲(Acorus calamus)生长、铬累积与亚细胞分布的影响。结果表明,菖蒲株高、根长在低(5、10mg·L-1)、中浓度(20 mg·L-1)Cr(Ⅵ)胁迫时与对照相比没有显著差异,在高浓度(40、60 mg·L-1)有所下降,但地上、下部干重、根冠比、耐性指数随着铬胁迫浓度增加均呈下降趋势。菖蒲亚细胞组分中均积累一定量的铬,但积累的铬在细胞壁、叶绿体、线粒体和细胞质的分配比例有不同的差异。在Cr(Ⅵ)胁迫下,菖蒲地上和地下部分Cr(Ⅵ)积累量显著升高,且各处理间差异显著。同时,低胁迫浓度时菖蒲对铬的转运系数显著高于在中、高胁迫浓度时的转运系数,且地上、下部富集系数均表现为在低、中胁迫浓度时的值较高,而高浓度胁迫时较低。可见,菖蒲对水体中铬具有较强的积累和转运能力,在修复水体铬污染方面有一定的应用前景。In order to elucidate the toxic mechanisms of Acorus calamus under Cr（ Ⅵ） stress,a stimulated constructed wetland experiment system was conducted to investigate the effects of Cr（ Ⅵ） on plant growth,Cr accumulation and subcellular distribution. Water sample was treated by adding K2Cr2O7with the Cr（ Ⅵ） concentration of 0,5,10,20, 40,and 60 mg·kg- 1,respectively. The results indicated that the plant height,root length of Acorus calamus had no difference with control group under Cr（ Ⅵ） stress with 5,10,20 mg·L^-1,while they decreased under 40,60 mg· L^-1. Meanwhile,dry mass of shoots and roots,root / shoot ratio and the tolerance indices decreased under Cr（ Ⅵ） stress. The distribution of Cr had no significant differences between the cell wall,the chloroplast,the mitochondrion and the cytoplasm in leaves of Acorus calamus,while Cr concentration in the subcellular of leaves increased with the adding Cr（ Ⅵ） concentration. Cr（ Ⅵ） accumulation contents in the shoots and roots increased significantly under Cr（ Ⅵ） stress. The translocation factors（ 0. 60- 0. 70） under Cr（ Ⅵ） stress with 5,10 mg·L^-1were significantly higher than those（ 0. 30- 0. 40） under 20,40,60 mg·L^-1stress,while the accumulation factors of shoots and roots under Cr（ Ⅵ） stress with 5,10,20 mg·L^-1were higher than those under 40,60 mg·L^-1stress. Therefore,the results suggest that Acorus calamus is promising for the phytoremediation of Cr-contaminated waters for its accumulation and translocation abilities.

关 键 词：铬胁迫 菖蒲 植物修复 积累 亚细胞 

分 类 号：S682.24[农业科学—观赏园艺]