重庆市渝中区成人慢性肾脏病流行病学调查及相关因素分析  

Epidemiology investigation and analysis of relevant factors of adult chronic kidney disease in Yuzhong District, Chongqing

作　　者：黄文瀚[1] 唐琳[1] 蔡莹[1] 龚屠健[1] 蒋丽娜[1] 卢光娅[1] 张玲[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆医科大学附属第二医院肾内科,重庆400010

出　　处：《上海交通大学学报（医学版）》2014年第5期725-730,共6页Journal of Shanghai Jiao tong University:Medical Science

基　　金：重庆市渝中区科技计划项目~~

摘　　要：目的探讨重庆市渝中区成人慢性肾脏疾病(CKD)的患病率及其主要危险因素。方法采用分层多级整群抽样方法随机选取重庆市渝中区20岁以上的常住居民进行问卷调查,并进行肾脏损伤指标及相关危险因素的检测。运用SAS 9.2统计软件对肾脏损伤指标(蛋白尿、血尿)、肾功能及肾脏B超检测结果与相关危险因素(年龄、高血压、糖尿病和高脂血症)的关系进行分析。结果共调查居民3 527名,有效问卷应答及指标检测人数为3 432名。蛋白尿阳性率为6.09%,血尿阳性率为2.71%,肾功能下降[eGFR<60 mL/(min·1.73 m2)]检出率为3.41%,肾脏B超异常检出率为6.59%。去除蛋白尿阳性、血尿阳性、肾功能下降以及肾脏B超显示异常4者共同存在造成的重复,该人群CKD检出率为10.31%。多因素Logistic回归分析结果提示:CKD的相关危险因素为年龄增长、糖尿病、高血压和高脂血症。结论重庆市渝中区20岁以上常住居民CKD的检出率接近我国其他大城市及发达国家水平。CKD已成为危及重庆市渝中区居民健康的重大公共卫生问题,需要重视CKD的早期诊断及治疗。Objective To investigate the incidence and the major risk factors of adult chronic kidney disease （CKD） in Yuzhong District, Chongqing. Methods Residents over 20 years old in Yuzhong district, Chongqing were randomly selected by the hierarchical multistage cluster sampling method and questionnaire surveys were conducted. The indicators of renal damages and the relevant risk factors were examined. The relationships between the detected results of indicators of renal damage （ albuminous urine and hematuria）, renal functions, and type-B ultrasonic tests and relevant risk factors （age, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and hyperlipidemia） were analyzed by the SAS 9.2. Results A total of 3 527 residents were investigated and 3 432 of whom were examined and returned valid questionnaires. The prevalence rates of proteinuria, hematuria, and reduced renal function [ eGFR 〈60 mL/（min. 1.73 m^2） ] were 6. 09%, 2. 71%, and 3.41%, respectively. The rate of abnormal kidneys detected by the type-B ultrasonic tests was 6. 59%. The detection rate of CKD of residents was 10. 31% after removing duplications of positive albuminous urine, positive hematuria, reduced renal function, and abnormal kidneys detected by the type-B ultrasonic tests. The results of multiple Logistic regression analysis suggested that the age, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia were relevant risk factors of CKD. Conclusion The prevalence of CKD of residents over 20 years old in Yuzhong District, Chongqing is similar to other large cities of China and developed countries. CKD has been a major public health problem that endangers the health of residents and attention should be paid to the early diagnose and treatment of CKD.

关 键 词：肾疾病 患病率 危险因素 流行病学 

分 类 号：R692[医药卫生—泌尿科学]