维甲酸在轴突再生过程中的作用与机制  

Role and mechanism of retinoic acid in axonal regeneration

作　　者：武士兴[1,2] 于振海[1,2] 刘芳[1,2] 蔺海燕[1,2] 张志英[3] 张传森[3] 

机构地区：[1]解放军第二军医大学生物医学工程研究所,上海市200433 [2]解放军第二军医大学再生医研究中心,上海市200433 [3]解放军第二军医大学解剖教研室,上海市200433

出　　处：《中国组织工程研究》2014年第15期2450-2454,共5页Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(81271396,81100935);上海市自然科学重点基金(10411953800);第二军医大学研究生创新实验资助项目(SCMRC1207,SCMRC1209)~~

摘　　要：背景:维甲酸信号通路在神经系统形成、神经元的特化以及轴突生长过程中极为重要,近年的研究结果显示维甲酸在轴突再生过程中具有重要作用,但是却鲜有关于其确切作用分子机制的研究报道。目的:对近年来维甲酸信号通路在轴突再生过程中的作用机制进行总结分析。方法:以"维甲酸,中枢神经系统,神经损伤,轴突再生,作用机制"为中文捡索词,以"Retinoic acid,the central nervous system,nerve damage,axon regeneration,signaling pathway,mechanism"为英文检索词,检索维普和中国知网(CNKI)期刊全文数据库、PubMed网络数据库、BioMed Centeral、Springer、The Free Medical Journals、EBSCO和外文生物医学期刊全文数据库(Foreign Journals Integration System)2000年1月至2013年12月有关维甲酸在轴突再生中作用机制的研究报道,排除重复性研究和不典型报道。结果与结论:急性中枢神经系统损伤后,机体轴突再生和功能恢复的能力极为有限。为了保持机体的某些特有功能,神经元轴突必须再生并再支配它的作用靶点,以实现机体结构和功能的恢复。中枢神经系统损伤后,维甲酸信号通路通过表达转录因子RAβ2受体,可诱导轴突的再生;同时在背根神经节神经元中,经慢病毒转染表达RARβ2后可以引起胞内cAMP水平升高,从而促进神经轴突生长;在脊髓损伤后以及体外轴突生长抑制环境中,RA-RARβ途径可以直接抑制中枢神经再生抑制因子Nogo受体(NgR)复合体-Lingo-1的转录,从而促进轴突的再生。维甲酸信号通路正是通过以上一系列的分子机制在轴突再生过程中其重要的作用。BACKGROUND：Retinoic acid signaling pathways is very important in the formation pf nervous system, specialization of neurons and outgrowth of axons. The recent studies show that, retinoic acid plays an important role in the process of axonal regeneration, but few research reports its exact molecular mechanism. OBJECTIVE：To analyze and summarize the mechanism underlying retinoic acid signaling pathways in the process of axonal regeneration. METHODS：A computer-based online research was conducted among the VIP, CNKI, PubMed, BioMed Centeral, Springer, The Free Medical Journals, EBSCO and Foreign Journals Integration System between January 2000 and December 2013, with the key words of“retinoic acid, the central nervous system, nerve damage, axon regeneration, and mechanism”in Chinese and English. A total of 43 studies addressing the molecular mechanism of retinoic acid in axonal regeneration were screened. According to the supplementary documents, another five references were added. Repetitive research and atypical reports were excluded. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION：Fol owing acute central nervous system injury, axonal regeneration and functional recovery are extremely limited. For proper functionality fol owing injury, axons must regrow, reinnervate their targets, and remyelinate their axons. When the central nervous system injuries occur, retinoic acid signaling pathways express transcription factor retinoic acid receptorβ2 to induce axonal regeneration fol owing injury;in dorsal root ganglion neurons, cAMP levels are greatly increased by lentiviral retinoic acid receptorβ2 expression and contribute to neurite outgrowth. More recently, retinoic acid-retinoic acid receptorβ2 pathways directly transcriptional y repress a member of the inhibitory Nogo receptor complex, Lingo-1, under an axonal growth inhibitory environment in vitro as wel as fol owing spinal cord injury in vivo. Through these molecular mechanisms, retinoic acid signaling pathways play its important role in the process of axonal regenerat

关 键 词：组织构建 组织工程 维甲酸 中枢神经系统 轴突再生 信号通路 作用机制 国家自然科学基金 

分 类 号：R318[医药卫生—生物医学工程]