自进式多孔射流钻头径向水平井钻进能力分析  

Capability Analysis of Self-feeding Multi-nozzle Jet Bit in Radial Horizontal Drilling

作　　者：邸飞[1] 李根生[1] 黄中伟[1] 宋先知[1] 迟焕鹏[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(北京)油气资源与探测国家重点实验室

出　　处：《石油机械》2014年第6期7-11,共5页China Petroleum Machinery

基　　金：国家科技重大专项"大型油气田及煤层气开发-复杂结构井钻井配套技术"(2011ZX05022002);中国石油大学(北京)科研基金项目"微小井眼钻井井眼净化能力研究"(2462013BJRC002)和"水平井微小井眼钻井井眼延伸能力研究"(YJRC-2013-04)

摘　　要：自进式多孔射流钻头前、后向孔眼参数对径向水平井钻进能力具有重要的影响。通过室内破岩试验研究了多孔射流钻头前向孔眼参数对破岩效果的影响,建立了自进式多孔射流钻头射流反冲力计算模型,研究了后向孔眼参数对射流反冲力的影响。研究结果表明,在试验条件下,破岩体积随着前向孔眼扩散角的增大呈先增大后减小的趋势,随着前向孔眼直径的增大,破岩体积逐渐增大;在相同的后向孔眼当量直径下,射流反冲力与后向孔眼数量无关;随着后向孔眼直径的增大,射流反冲力先增大后减小,射流钻头压降逐渐减小;后向孔眼直径的选择要兼顾射流反冲力和射流钻头压降,以保证射流钻头的自进和破岩效果。The forwards and backwards nozzle parameters of self-feeding multi-hole jet bit have a significant influence on its radial horizontal drilling capability. Through rock breaking test in lab, the effect of forwards nozzle parameters of self-feeding multi-nozzle jet bit on rock breaking are analyzed. The jet recoil force calculation model of the bit is established, and the effect of backwards nozzle parameters on jet recoil force is analyzed. Results show that, under the test conditions, the volume of broken rock increases but then decreases with the increment of the forwards nozzle spread angle. The rock-breaking volume increases with the increment of forwards nozzle diame- ter. Given the same equivalent diameter of backwards nozzle, the number of nozzle has no effect on the jet recoil force. When the diameter of the backwards nozzle increases, the jet recoil force increases but then decreases, and the jet pressure drop decreases. In choice of backwards nozzle diameter, both jet recoil force and pressure drop has to be taken into account to ensure self-feeding and rock breaking capability.

关 键 词：自进式 射流钻头 径向水平井 破岩效果 反冲力 孔眼扩散角 孔眼直径 

分 类 号：TE921[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]