水下生产系统水合物防治技术研究  

Research on Hydrate Prevention Technique for Subsea Production System

作　　者：赵旭东[1,2] 邓平[1,2] 刘文霄[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]宝鸡石油机械有限责任公司 [2]国家油气钻井装备工程技术研究中心

出　　处：《石油机械》2014年第6期43-46,52,共5页China Petroleum Machinery

基　　金：国家863计划项目"水下卧式采油树系统研制"(2012AA09A204)

摘　　要：水下生产系统正常运行或因事故关停时,由于海水的冷却作用,易产生水合物并发生沉积,从而堵塞油气通道,严重影响油气田安全高效生产,因此有必要对水下生产系统水合物防治技术展开专题研究。分析了水合物的形成机理,重点介绍了国外水合物防治的主要方法及应用情况,包括化学注入法、隔热保温法、电加热法以及隔热保温层与化学注入相结合法。简述了水下生产系统的"冷点"管理,指出"冷点"一般位于传感器、闸阀驱动器和接头等部位。最后建议国内加大化学注入剂、隔热保温材料等的自主研发力度,并开展水合物防治工艺研究。Hydrate could form and deposit to plug the flow channel because of the cooling effect of sea water when subsea production systems are shut down in normal or due to accident, putting great impacts on the safety and efficiency of oil and gas production. Thus, it＇ s necessary to conduct thematic studies on hydrate prevention tech- niques. The mechanism of hydrate formation is analyzed, and studies are focused on the foreign methods and applications of hydrate prevention, including chemical injection, thermal insulation, electric heating and thermal insulation layer combined with chemical injection. ＂cold spots＂ management of subsea production systems is intro- duced, and the main ＂cold spots＂ locations like the sensors, valve drivers and joints are illustrated. Finally, recommendations are proposed to put more efforts on independent research and development of hydrate urevention materials like chemical injection agent and heat insulation materials. In addition, more researches on hydrate preven- tion techniques should be conducted.

关 键 词：水下生产系统 水合物防治 化学注入 隔热保温 电加热 冷点 

分 类 号：TE952[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]