沈阳市污水污泥中重金属含量及其生物有效性  

Study on the Heavy Metals and Its Availability of Sewage Sludge in Shenyang City

作　　者：王杰[1,2] 杨春璐[1] 郑涛 邱莎[1] 李坤[1] 郑嘉惠[1] 

机构地区：[1]辽宁大学环境学院,辽宁沈阳110036 [2]沈阳农业大学土地与环境学院,辽宁沈阳110866 [3]国电东北北部污水处理厂,辽宁沈阳110035

出　　处：《实验室研究与探索》2014年第5期26-28,32,共4页Research and Exploration In Laboratory

基　　金：辽宁省博士启动基金项目(20121033);沈阳市科技局项目(F11-264-1-02);辽宁环境科研教育"123工程"(CEPF2011-123-1-3);辽宁大学青年基金(2011LDQN04)

摘　　要：分析了沈阳市4座污水处理厂排放的污泥中重金属含量及生物毒性,探讨4种污泥的土地利用可行性。采用盐酸-硝酸-高氯酸消解法提取污泥中Cu、Cd、Zn、Pb、Ni和Cr 6种重金属总量,用DTPA(二乙基三胺五乙酸)-TEA(三乙醇胺)提取污泥中6种重金属的有效态含量,用火焰原子吸收光谱法测定。结果表明,4种污泥中Zn和Cu含量较高;Cr、Pb和Ni次之;Cd含量较低;4种污泥重金属总含量大小依次为西部>北部>沈水湾>满堂河。与我国污泥农用标准(GB18918—2002)相比较,除了西部污水处理厂污泥中的Cu以外,所有污泥中的重金属含量均不超标,并且DTPA可提取态重金属含量占重金属总量的比例不高,表明4种污泥生物有效性差,不易对环境造成危害。The total and available concentrations of Cu,Cd,Zn,Pb,Ni and Cr in four kinds of sewage sludges from different wastewater plants were analyzed and determined,in order to explore the feasibility of sewage sludge for land use in Shenyang.The total concentrations of heavy metals were extracted by HCl-HNO3-HClO4 digestion,the available concentrations of heavy metals were extracted by DTPA-TEA,then were both determined by flame atomic absorption spectrometry.The results were as follows：The concentrations of Zn and Cu in all the sewage sludges were very high,followed by Cr,Pb,Ni,and Cd was the lowest,the total concentrations of heavy metals showed a trend：Xibu ＞ Beibu ＞ Shenshuiwan ＞ Man tanghe.Compared with China＇s agricultural standard （GB18918-2002）,the concentrations of heavy metals in sewage sludges were altogether lower than the corresponding standards,except for Cu concentrations in Xibu sludge,and the concentration of heavy metals extracted by DTPA had a low proportion,which indicated that the sewage sludge wasn＇t available to organisms,and wouldnt cause harm to environment easily.

关 键 词：污泥 重金属 生物毒性 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]