长三角地区杉木林降雨再分配特征  

Rainfall redistribution in a Cunninghamia lanceolata forest of the Yangtze River Delta

作　　者：韩诚[1] 张金池[1] 庄义琳[1] 顾哲衍[1] 刘鑫[1] 庄家尧[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京林业大学森林资源与环境学院,江苏南京210037

出　　处：《浙江农林大学学报》2014年第3期424-430,共7页Journal of Zhejiang A&F University

基　　金：国家林业公益性行业科研专项重大项目(201104005-1);国家自然科学基金资助项目(31170663);江苏省高等学校林学优势学科建设项目(164010641)

摘　　要：对长三角地区丰水季杉木Cunninghamia lanceolata林大气降雨量、穿透雨量以及树干径流量进行了定位观测,利用水量平衡方程计算得出林冠截留量。通过相关性分析筛选出影响降雨再分配的主要因子为降雨量和降雨强度,分别分析了降雨量与穿透雨、树干径流、林冠截留之间的关系,以及降雨强度与三者之间的关系。结果显示:2012年4月至9月长三角地区杉木林外降雨累计470.7 mm,研究区以小雨量、低强度的降雨事件为主,杉木林内累计穿透雨量344.1 mm,占降雨量的73.1%,树干径流总量10.3 mm,占降雨量的2.2%,林冠截留量达到116.3mm,占降雨量的24.7%。建立了降雨量、降雨强度与杉木林穿透雨量、树干径流量、林冠截留量之间的回归模型,利用拟合出的方程,可得出杉木林形成穿透雨的最小雨量为0.9 mm,形成树干径流的最小雨量为4.1 mm。Water transport through the canopy layer,important in forest hydrology and soil and water conservation,was studied to determine characteristics of rainfall redistribution and the eco-hydrological functions of forests.Using the fixed point observation method,rainfall,throughfall,and stemflow of Cunninghamia lanceolata in the Yangtze River Delta were studied during the high flow seas＇on.A water balance method was adopted to calculate canopy interception,and a regression analysis was employed to select the main factors affecting rainfall redistribution and to establish the relationship among throughfall,stemflow,canopy interception,rainfall,and rainfall intensity.Results indicated a cumulative rainfall of 470.7 mm with most rainfall events from April to September 2012 featuring light rain with low intensity.Cumulative throughfall was 344.1 mm; total stemflow was 10.3 mm; and total canopy interception was 1 16.3 mm.The fittedregression equation showed that the minimum rainfall necessary for throughfall was 0.9 mm,and the minimum rainfall needed to start sternflow was 4.1 mm.

关 键 词：森林水文学 长三角地区 杉木 穿透雨 树干径流 林冠截留 

分 类 号：S715.2[农业科学—林学]