“表量构式”的“量准则”理据  

Maxim of Quantity and Quantificational Constructions

作　　者：罗思明[1] 查如荣[1] 董银燕[1] 

机构地区：[1]宁波大学科学技术学院

出　　处：《外语与外语教学》2014年第3期1-4,60,共5页Foreign Languages and Their Teaching

基　　金：国家社科规划课题"汉英‘名形表量构式’句法语义互动的历时对比研究"(项目编号:13BYY013);教育部人文社科规划课题"汉英形容词构式学习词典编纂体系构建"(项目编号:12YJA740055)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：本文从历时和类型学视角,基于"量准则"和表量构式分工,探索汉语"NA表量构式"的语法化理据。研究发现:在历史演变中,汉语首先遵循"足量准则"生成"AN表量构式",清晰表达"绝对量",后在"不过量准则"作用下,成为兼表"绝对量"和"相对量"一形二义构式;为保障"信息精准"和"表达丰富",汉语基于"足量准则"新生"NA表量构式",专表"绝对量";当今汉语"AN表量构式"和"NA表量构式"并存是"足量准则"和"不过量准则"相互协同竞争的结果。This article attempts to make a diachronic and typological exploration into the grammaticalization motivation of Chinese NA construction within the framework of Maxim of Quantity. It is found that Chinese initially generates AN constructions for absolute measurement and later,following the maxim of ＂saying no more than required＂,develops the construction for relative measurement into a new construction with two meanings in the old form. To provide a rich communication with precise information,Chinese follows the maxim of ＂saying as much as required＂and generates NA constructions for absolute measurement. The present coexistence of AN constructions and NA constructions results from the negotiation and competition between the two subparts of Maxim of Quantity.

关 键 词：量准则 绝对量 相对量 NA表量构式 AN表量构式 

分 类 号：H0[语言文字—语言学]