长江口中华绒螯蟹抱卵蟹生境适宜度初步评估  

Preliminary assessment on habitat suitability of Eriocheir sinensis spawning crabs in Yangtze River estuary

作　　者：蒋金鹏[1,2] 冯广朋[1] 章龙珍[1] 侯俊利[1] 杨刚[1] 庄平[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所、农业部东海与远洋渔业资源开发利用重点实验室,上海200090 [2]上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,上海201306

出　　处：《海洋渔业》2014年第3期232-238,共7页Marine Fisheries

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费资助(201203065);上海市长江口青草沙水库邻近水域生态修复专项;中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金(2011M08)

摘　　要：采用栖息地适合度模型法研究了长江口中华绒螯蟹（Eriocheir sinensis）抱卵蟹空间分布和水文环境因子的相关性.结果显示：抱卵蟹主要栖息在盐度9～15、水体流速1.3 ～1.5m·s-1、水深3～6m、透明度10～ 23 cm水域,平均适合度均达0.6以上.栖息地适宜度指数（habitat suitability index,HSI）分布显示,长江口23个调查站点中,南支北港和九段沙水域Z6、Z7、Z11、Z22、Z23的HSI较高,均在0.5以上.其中Z6的HSI值最大,为0.669 2.初步推测抱卵蟹主要适宜分布范围是横沙以东20 n mile及九段沙下游5 n mile海域,中华绒螯蟹的繁育场范围为121 °58′～122°12′E、31°05′～31°22′N.The largest and best spawning ground of Chinese mitten crab （Eriocheir sinensis） is located in Yangtze River estuary. In recent thirty years, human activities such as construction of large - scale water projects, reclaiming land from lakes and water pollution have caused certain degrees of damage to Eriocheir sinensis spawning grounds. Resources of mitten crab and megalopa have been volatile in recent years. This paper studied major hydrological factors affecting the distribution of Eriocheir sinensis spawning crabs and explored the suitable distribution of spawning crab habitat indicating factors to initially speculate the main distribution of Eriocheir sinensis spawning grounds. It will provide scientific basis for resource conservation, spawning ground delineation, artificial restocking and germplasm reserve project, ecological restoration of changing in Yangtze River estuary. propagation as well as provide theoretical support for critical habitat and assessment of impacts of habitat Twenty-three investigating stations were set in subtidal zone of Yangtze River estuary （30°52＇ -31°38＇ N, 121°50° -122°34＇E） from April to May 2013. The temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, salinity, flowing rate, depth, transparency and abundance of Eriocheir sinensis spawning crabs in Yangtze River estuary were collected according to monitoring investigation of these stations. The correlation between hydrological environmental factors and spatial distribution of Eriocheir sinensis spawning crabs in Yangtze River estuary was studied by habitat suitability model. The hydrological factors related to distribution of Eriocheir sinensis spawning crab were chosen to be habitat indicating factors. Suitable ranges of these indicating factors were screened according to frequency distribution method. The weights of these indicating factors were identified by Analytic Hierarchy Process to calculate Habitat Suitability Index （HSI） of Eriocheir sinensis spawning crabs. Results showed that main habitat conditions for spaw

关 键 词：长江口 中华绒螯蟹 抱卵 栖息地适宜度 

分 类 号：S931[农业科学—渔业资源]