动力圆盘式花生挖掘装置的设计与效果试验  

Design and effect test of dynamic disk digging equipment of peanut combine

作　　者：杨然兵[1] 范玉滨 尚书旗[1] 

机构地区：[1]青岛农业大学机电工程学院,青岛266109

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2014年第10期29-36,共8页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(31101090);山东省优秀中青年科学家科研奖励基金项目(BS2012NY004);农业科技成果转化资金项目(2012GB2C600257)

摘　　要：为解决平作花生联合收获易产生挖掘铲前壅土的问题,该文设计了一种动力圆盘挖掘装置,并对该挖掘装置中的动力圆盘进行了研究。通过设计和试验分析确定了该圆盘的结构和最优工作参数:圆盘直径为320 mm,动力轴间距370 mm,转速145 r/min;作业时,动力圆盘挖掘装置与地面前倾夹角为22°的角度入土,稳定后与地面夹角为5°的角度进行挖掘收获。通过对动力圆盘挖掘装置与普通固定式挖掘装置的挖掘收获效果进行对比试验,结果表明:该动力圆盘挖掘装置可减少机组前进阻力,在提高挖掘率、送秧率和降低挖掘铲前壅土方面具有较好的性能,更加适合平作花生的联合收获。In order to solve the heaping problem in front of the digging device when harvesting flat peanuts, this paper has designed a new dynamic disk-digging device. This digging device works with the approach of turning the angle. It is mainly composed by a disk, flange plate, drive shaft, socket frame, fixed frame, bevel gear, main transmission shaft, chain wheel, and slewing bearing etc. Power reached the main shaft through the sprocket, then through a bevel gear that drives the disk shaft rotation, and the two disk shaft drives disc to the medial rotation respectively. In mining operations, this digging device works with a angle that is 22o, when it works stably, by operating the push rod of the cab promote digging shovel with a angle of 5°. In the process of working, the rotating disk shovel goes forward by the machine’s thrusting. It can break the ground and through rotating cut off the peanut taproot and ground soil. Therefore, it can combine breaking and crushing to reduce the peanut combine’s forward resistance and solve the problem of heaping in front of the peanut combine. At the same time, the two rotation disk dynamic shovel is rotating to the medial round of the two disks, it can put the peanut seedling to the medial approach sets to grip delivery chain clamping the peanut seedling and to improve the working performance of the peanut combine. Through comparison with the ordinary stationary digging shovel of the field test, selecting the rotating disk mining’s spade axial spacing was 370 mm, rotating speed was 145r/min, working with angle transformation. carving angle was 22o, and the working angle was 5°. The ordinary mining units works with a carving angle of 22o too. The test showed that： due to the fact that the rotating disk mining device can transform the peanut seeding through its rotating, especially for abnormal plants caused by the outside of the plant, this device has better performance to collect the plants. The rotating disk mining harvest units’ mining rate averaged 99.03%, but the

关 键 词：农业机械 联合收获机 设计 动力圆盘 挖掘装置 

分 类 号：S225.73[农业科学—农业机械化工程]