日光温室内太阳辐射估算模型的构建  

Establishment of estimation model of solar radiation within solar greenhouse

作　　者：韩亚东[1,2] 薛学武 罗新兰[1,2] 国力[2] 李天来[1] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学园艺学院/设施园艺省部共建教育部重点实验室,沈阳110161 [2]沈阳农业大学农学院,沈阳110161 [3]河北省新乐市气象局,新乐050700

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2014年第10期174-181,共8页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-25);辽宁省重大科技攻关项目(2011215003)

摘　　要：日光温室内不同位置的太阳辐射量是作物光合和蒸腾模拟模型的重要参数,也是研究温室内墙体能量收支平衡方程的重要因子。该文研究了温室围护结构对太阳辐射的遮蔽,建立了可蔽视角的计算公式,在此基础上估算了晴天温室内任一位置的太阳直接辐射、散射辐射和太阳总辐射,并以辽沈Ⅱ型日光温室为例,将模拟结果与实测结果进行了比较,对造成模拟误差的可能原因进行了分析。研究结果表明:日光温室内模拟的散射辐射和总辐射的日变化与实测值趋势较为一致,模拟值要略高于实测值,平均偏高6.4%和8.8%,误差的可能来源有大气透明系数、棚膜透光率的估算误差、承重骨架的遮蔽及人为观测的误差。研究结果可为日光温室内不同位置作物光合蒸腾模拟、群体光分布模拟、围护结构能量平衡等模拟模型提供参考。The solar radiation at different points within a solar greenhouse is not only an important parameter for the simulation of crop photosynthesis and transpiration, but also an essential factor for wall energy balance in a solar greenhouse. In this paper, the shadowing effect of a solar greenhouse enclosure structure on solar radiation was analyzed, and the preventing-view’s angle of any points within a solar greenhouse was calculated by using the main parameters of a solar greenhouse and the solar azimuth. Any point could be obtained by direct solar radiation if the preventing-view’s angle was smaller than the solar altitude. A hypothesis is that any point obtains isotropic diffuse solar radiation form the sky, diffuse solar radiation was calculated by accumulating the non- preventing-view’s angle.Based on these analyses, the direct solar radiation, diffuse radiation, and the total solar radiation at any points within a solar greenhouse on sunny days were estimated. The estimated values at certain points within a solar greenhouse were compared with measured values at that point, which were measured within a LiaoshenⅡ type solar greenhouse. The estimated values were higher than the measured values by 6.4% and 8.8% respectively for scatter radiation and total radiation, and the possible reasons that caused estimated errors were discussed. Results showed that the daily variation of estimated direct solar radiation, diffuse solar radiation, and total solar radiation tended to agree with that of the measured values, and the estimated values overestimated the measured values. The estimated errors maybe resulted from an error of the atmospheric transparency coefficient, transmittance of solar greenhouse plastic film, shadowing of load-bearing framework, and artificial observation errors. Using software surfer 8.0, a total radiation distribution map at 2 m was provided on 2011-12-24 at 10：00 within the greenhouse. At this height, the width was 7.05 m, and the length was 60 m. Total radiation had a decreasing tren

关 键 词：温室 太阳辐射 估算 模型 

分 类 号：S625.5[农业科学—园艺学]