南方红壤侵蚀区典型小流域土壤侵蚀敏感性研究  

Sensitivity of Soil Erosion in Typical Small Watershed in Eroded Red Soil Region in South China

作　　者：鄢新余 陈志强[1] 黄锦祥 熊伟 罗玮祥[1] 

机构地区：[1]福建师范大学地理科学学院,福建福州350007 [2]福建省宁化县水土保持站,福建宁化365400

出　　处：《水土保持通报》2014年第2期7-10,2,共4页Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目"南方红壤侵蚀区芒萁散布的地学分析及其时空模拟"(41171232);国家自然科学基金项目(410011701)

摘　　要：选取降雨侵蚀力、地形坡度、植被覆盖度、土壤类型和土地利用5个因子作为评价指标,借助ArcGIS空间分析功能,评价了南方红壤侵蚀区朱溪小流域的土壤侵蚀敏感性。结果表明:(1)流域内土壤侵蚀以敏感级别面积最大,占总面积的55.96%;其次为轻度敏感,占38.62%;高度敏感和不敏感分布较小,分别占4.22%和1.20%;而极敏感区面积极小,仅占0.001%;(2)流域东部、中部和西部地区土壤侵蚀敏感性都以轻度敏感和敏感占绝对比例,不敏感和高度敏感比例很小,极敏感区都分布在中部,但东部敏感性总体上高于中部和西部;(3)土壤侵蚀敏感性与土壤侵蚀现状在空间分布上总体吻合度不高,土壤侵蚀敏感性以敏感级别比例最大,而土壤侵蚀强度却以微度侵蚀为主,其主要原因是人类活动的影响。Five factors affecting soil erosion were chosen including precipitation,topology,soil texture,vegetation cover and land use to evaluate the soil erosion sensitivity in Zhuxi small watershed using the spatial analysis function of ArcGIS.The results showed that：（1）The area of high sensitivity is largest,accounting for 55.96% of total area;followed by percentage of slight sensitivity,which account for 38.62%of the total area;the percentage of high sensitivity and none sensitivity erosion are low,accounting for 4.22% and 1.20%respectively.However,the area with extrem sensitivity erosion only accounts 0.001%;（2）The erosion of slight sensitivity and sensitivity are the main types of soil erosion in the east,middle and west of the whole watershed,and the proportions of high and none sensitivity area are small.Extreme erosion sensitivity area spreads in the middle of the watershed.Generally,the erosion sensitivity in the east is higher than that in the central and west of the watershed;（3）The soil erosion sensitivities are not consistent with soil erosion degree in many regions,because the human activities are the main factors affecting the soil erosion in this area.The proportion of erosion sensitivity is the largest,nevertheless the main degree type of soil erosion is micro erosion.

关 键 词：土壤侵蚀敏感性 空间分异 朱溪小流域 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学]