苎麻对红壤旱地土壤团聚体及其特性的影响  

Effect of Ramie on Soil Aggregate and Its Characteristics in Red Soil Region of South China

作　　者：钟义军[1,2] 武琳[1,2] 黄欠如[1,2] 廖绵清[1] 叶川[1,2] 成艳红[1,2] 孙永明[1,2] 章新亮[1] 熊春贵[1] 

机构地区：[1]江西省红壤研究所,江西南昌331717 [2]国家红壤改良工程技术研究中心,江西南昌331717

出　　处：《水土保持通报》2014年第2期78-82,共5页Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金："十二五"国家科技支撑计划项目"红壤耕地次生障碍修复技术研究与集成示范"(2011BAD41B01-3);"十二五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2011BAD31B04-3);水利部行业专项(SWCC201201);水利部行业专项(201301050)

摘　　要：采用干、湿筛法研究了种植苎麻和花生对红壤旱地土壤团聚体及其特性的影响,并比较分析了土壤团聚体及土壤理化性质与地表径流和土壤侵蚀量的关系。结果表明：（1）与花生地相比,苎麻地有机质、田间持水量、总孔隙度、沙粒分别升高了28.44%,10.06%,5.65%和53.13%,土壤容重、粉粒和黏粒则分别降低了7.20%,14.85%和34.95%,均达显著性差异水平（p〈0.05）。（2）团聚体平均重量直径（MWD）、稳定性指数（ASI）显著升高（p〈0.01）,苎麻地土壤团聚体稳定性优于花生地;（3）两处理均以0.25-1mm粒径团聚体保存几率最大,抗水蚀能力最强。（4）地表径流量和土壤侵蚀量与土壤有机质、沙粒含量、〉1mm的干团聚体、〉0.5mm的水稳性团聚体、MWD以及ASI呈极显著负相关关系（p〈0.01）,而与粉粒、黏粒、〈0.25mm干团聚体、〈0.053mm的水稳性团聚体、呈极显著正相关关系（p〈0.01）。The effect of soil physical and chemical properties,soil aggregate and its characteristics of planting ramie and peanuts in red soil were studied by dry,wet sieving method.Moreover,the relationship between soil aggregates and surface runoff and soil erosion were also analyzed.The results indicated that：（1）After three years by planting ramie,soil organic matter,field capacity,total porosity,grains of sand were increased 28.44%,10.06%,5.65%,28.44%,soil bulk density,silt,and clay were reduced by 7.20%, 14.85%,34.95%（p〈0.05）;（2）Mean weight diameter（MWD）,stability index（ASI）of soil aggregate by planting ramie were significantly higher than that of planting peanut,soil aggregate stability of planting ramie was better than that of peanuts;（3）0.25-1mm aggregates is the best chance of preservation of the red soil,and the resist-erosion ability also the strongest.（4）Surface runoff and soil erosion,with soil organic matter,sand content,1mm dry aggregates,0.5mm water stable aggregates,MWD,ASI were negatively correlated（p0.01）,but were significantly positively correlated with silt,clay content,0.25mm, dry aggregates,and0.053mm water stable aggregates.

关 键 词：苎麻 红壤旱地 土壤团聚体 地表径流 土壤侵蚀 

分 类 号：S152[农业科学—土壤学]