武汉市汉阳区中小学新生结核菌素试验结果  

Analysis on the result of tuberculin skin reaction in the freshmen of primary and middle schools in Hanyang District,Wuhan

作　　者：周利 周美兰 

机构地区：[1]湖北省武汉市汉阳区结核病防治所,430050 [2]武汉市结核病防治所

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2014年第4期559-560,563,共3页Chinese Journal of School Health

摘　　要：目的了解武汉市汉阳区中小学入校新生结核菌素试验结果及肺结核患病状况,为制定结核病防控措施提供科学依据。方法于2012年9月对汉阳区46所中小学11 185名入学新生进行结核菌素(PPD)试验,对648名强阳性者摄X线胸片及痰抗酸杆菌检查。结果小学、初中及高中学生中PPD的强阳性率分别为4.0%,6.6%,7.0%,高中生PPD强阳性率高于小学生,差异有统计学意义(χ2=30.982,P<0.05)。检出初治涂阴肺结核患者6例,均给予全疗程免费治疗,均完成疗程且达到临床治愈标准。结论入学新生PPD监测可以早期发现和治疗肺结核病,避免进一步损害机体和传播他人,防止学校结核病暴发流行。Objective To understand the Tuberculin Derivative Skin Test（ PPD） result and the phthisis situation among newly enrolled elementary and middle school students in Hanyang district Wuhan,in order to provide evidence for the school to make the prevention and control methods of the phthisis. Methods Within September 2012,111 85 newly enrolled students of 46 elementary and middle schools in Hanyang district received tuberculin skin test,648 strong positive reactors were found and further subjected to a chest X-ray and a sputum smear. Results Ratios of strong positive tuberculin skin reaction among newly enrolled elementary,junior and senior middle school students were 4. 0%（ 162 /4 017）,6. 6%（ 274 /4 159）,7. 0%（ 212 /3 009） respectively. The proportion of senior middle school students with strong positive tuberculin skin reaction was significantly higher than that of elementary students（ χ2= 30. 982,P ＆lt; 0. 05）. Eventually 6 cases of newly registered smear negative TB were diagnosed,and all have been treated with standardized regimen and registered as cures. Conclusion Early monitoring of tuberculin skin test among newly enrolled students can boost the early detection and chances of early treatment of tuberculosis,and avoid the possibility of further damages and spreading the disease to others. Thus prevent the TB epidemic explosion in schools.

关 键 词：结核 肺 结核菌素试验 学生 

分 类 号：R52[医药卫生—内科学] R521[医药卫生—临床医学]