13种护坡植物萌发特性研究  

A Study on the Germination Characteristics of 13 Species Plants for Slope Protection

作　　者：宋晓梅[1] 孙海龙[2,3] 肖稀 龙凤[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学生命科学学院,成都610064 [2]四川沃尔宜环保科技有限公司,成都610061 [3]四川大学水力学与山区河流保护国家重点实验室,成都610065 [4]雅砻江流域水电开发有限公司,成都610051

出　　处：《种子》2014年第5期1-7,共7页Seed

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目"龙门山地震带震损坡体生态修复技术"(编号:2011 BAK12 B04);"新型立体绿化卷材研究与产业化"(编号:2013 BAJ02 B03);四川省科技项目"弃土弃渣场生态修复先锋植物筛选"(编号:2013 SZ0107)

摘　　要：在实验室人工基质条件下观测13种护坡植物的萌发特性.结果表明：13种护坡植物种子萌发率变化范围为89.7％～ 22.3％,其中萌发率80％以上的1种,60％ ～ 80％的3种,40％ ～ 60％的6种,20％～ 40％的3种,没有萌发率低于20％的;1～3d开始萌发的有白刺花、白灰毛豆、多花木蓝、紫穗槐、刺槐、银合欢、二色胡枝子、柠条、中国沙棘共9种,4～7d的有车桑子、黄荆、荆条、沙地柏共4种;萌发持续时间最短的为柠条9d,最长的为二色胡枝子28 d,多数植物超过20d.达到50％萌发率时间为1～7 d的植物有8种,8～14d的5种;达到90％萌发率时间为1～10d的植物有3种,11 ～20d的7种,超过20 d的3种.通过主成分分析（PCA）和聚类分析,13种护坡植物可划分为4种萌发类型：爆发型,包括银合欢、柠条;过渡型,包括白刺花、多花木蓝、紫穗槐、刺槐、二色胡枝子;缓萌型,包括白灰毛豆、黄荆、荆条、中国沙棘;低萌型,包括车桑子、沙地柏.这些植物种子的萌发特性决定了它们在护坡绿化过程中植被演替的角色与地位.A laboratory study was made on the germination characteristics of 13 species plants for slope protec- tion on artificial substratum. The results showed germination rate of the 13 species ranged from 89.7% to 22.3%. There was 1 specie germination rate over 80% ,3 species that between 60% and 80% ,6 species that between 40% and 60% ,3 species that between 20% and 40% and without any species germination rate below 20%. Sophora davidii, Tephrosia candida, lndigofera amblyantha, Amorpha fruticosa, Robinia pseudoacacia, Leucaena leucocephala, Lespedeza bicolor, Caragan korshinskii and Hippophae rhamnoides those nine began to germinate within 1 - 3 days after the test began, while Dodonaea viscose, Vitex negundo, Vitex negundo L. var. heterophylla, Sabina vulgaris those four started until 4 -7 days. As to germination period, the shortest one was Caragana korshinskii for only 9 days, the longest one was Lespedeza bicolor for 28 days. The days required for 50% germination rate to be reached of the majority were 1 - 7 days. The days required for 90% germination rate to be reached were：l - 10 days for 3 species,ll -20 days for 7 species,more than 20 days for 3 species. 13 species plants for slope protection could be divided into 4 germination patterns by principal component analysis and cluster analysis. The rapid pattern included Leucaena leucocephala, Caragana korshinskii;the transition pattern included Sophora davidii,lndigofera amblyantha ,Amorpha fruticosa,Robinia pseudoacacia,Lespedeza bicolor; slow and low pattern included Tephrosia candida, Vitex negundo, Vitex negundo L. var. heterophylla, Hippophae rhamnoides; low pattern included Dodonaea viscose and Sabina vulgaris.

关 键 词：种子萌发特性 萌发类型 护坡植物 植被过程 

分 类 号：Q948.1[生物学—植物学] S722[农业科学—林木遗传育种]