计划性锻炼改善血液透析患者运动机能、心理状态及生活质量的护理研究  

Nursing experience for hemodialysis patients by planning exercise to improve their motor function mental state and quality of life

作　　者：黄筱燕[1] 洪珍珍[1] 张静[1] 

机构地区：[1]温州医科大学附属第二医院血液净化中心,浙江温州325000

出　　处：《护士进修杂志》2014年第11期968-970,共3页Journal of Nurses Training

摘　　要：目的：研究有计划的锻炼对血液透析患者生活质量以及心理状态改善的影响。方法研究共纳入2011年10月～2012年12月在我院接受血液透析并能接受运动试验的62例患者，其中，男38例，女24例，年龄25～53岁，平均年龄（45±7）岁。每次锻炼项目包括跑步机和健身自行车。每次运动时间为60 min ，每周2次（透析当天不进行运动），一共持续12周。整个计划开始时和结束时测定患者的运动能力，即最大耗氧量和运动耐量。此外，在上述两个时间段使用量表对患者的生活质量和抑郁、焦虑程度作出评估并比较。结果12周的锻炼计划结束后，患者的最大耗氧量由（24．5±4．9） ml/（kg · min）上升到（30．1±5．9） ml/（kg · min），前后数据比较差异有显著意义（ P＜0．05）。运动耐量时间从开始时的（470±85） s上升到（592±110） s ，计划前运动耐量与计划后运动耐量相比差异有显著意义（P＜0．05）。患者完成运动计划前后测得的抑郁评分和焦虑评分均有所改善。此外，患者的生活质量评分也得到了显著提高。结论有计划的锻炼可以改善血液透析患者的生理机能，消除不良心理状态，提高生活质量，值得在临床护理工作中推广。Objective To study the impact on quality of life and improved mental status for hemodialysis patients by planned exercise .Method 62 patients received dialysis and exercise test from October 2011 to December 2012 in our hospital was selected for the study .Among them ,38 males and 24 females ,aged 25-53 years ,mean age （45 ± 7） years of age .Every exercise program includes treadmills and exercise bikes .Each exercise time was 60min ,2 times a week （dialysis day without exercise） lasted for 12 weeks .The patient＇s exercise capacity（including the maxi-mum oxygen consumption and exercise tolerance ） was measured at the beginning and at the end of the entire plan . In addition ,in these two time periods using a scale to assess and compare the patients＇quality of life ,depression and anxiety .Result After the 12-week exercise program , maximum oxygen consumption （24 .5 ± 4 .9 ） in patients ml/（kg · min） increased to （30 .1 ± 5 .9） ml/（kg · min） ,There was significant difference in data before and after the exercise （P〈0 .05） .Exercise tolerance time and exercise tolerance increased from the beginning of （470 ± 85） s to （592 ± 110） s .There was significant differences in exercise tolerance pre-exercise and after-exercise （P〈0 .05） . The patients＇depression scores and anxiety scores before and after completion of the exercise program were im-proved .In addition ,the patient＇s quality of life score also improved significantly .Conclusion Planned exercise can improve physical function in hemodialysis patients ,eliminate bad mental state and improve quality of life .It’s wor-thy of promotion in clinical nursing work .

关 键 词：血液透析 计划性锻炼 生理机能 心理状态 生活质量 

分 类 号：R471[医药卫生—护理学] R459.5[医药卫生—临床医学]