反问格式“X什么X”的立场表达功能考察  

Expressive Function of Rhetorical Question Format “X +Shenme +X” in Negative Position

作　　者：朱军[1] 

机构地区：[1]湘潭大学文学与新闻学院,湖南湘潭411105

出　　处：《汉语学习》2014年第3期20-27,共8页Chinese Language Learning

基　　金：国家社科基金项目"汉语语体语法研究"(项目编号:09CYY034);第5批中国博士后特别资助项目"汉语‘对话-叙事’序列语体语法研究"(项目编号:2012T50186)资助

摘　　要：反问格式"X什么X"是汉语口语中一种特殊的应答方式,主要出现在话轮之首,也可单独使用,与听话者有各种交互模式。其与常规否定(否定词)有显著的区别,具有负面立场表达功能,具体表现为提醒、意外、反驳、斥责四个层级,以后两者为主。"X什么X"还具有说话人不顾及对方"面子"、显示自身权势地位的立场表达特点。＂X ＋shenme ＋ X＂ of rhetorical question format is a special answering torm in spoken Chinese. ＂X ＋ shenme ＋ X＂ has various modes of interaction with listeners and mainly appeared in the beginning of turn-taking or appeared independently. This type of format have obvious differences with conventional negative format（ negative words）. It has stancetaking expressing function, manifesting in four specific levels： remind, accident, dis- missed,and rebuked,priority to the last two levels. In addition,the format ＂X ＋ shenme ＋ X＂can also show the meaning that the speaker don＇t care of the listener＇ face or display their own power status.

关 键 词：“X什么X” 反问格式 交互模式 立场表达功能 语用特点 

分 类 号：H146.3[语言文字—汉语]