小麦矮腥黑粉菌冬孢子萌发和室内人工接种方法的探索  

Germination of teliospores and artificial inoculation of Tilletia controversa Kühn

作　　者：姚卓[1] 陈万权[1] 高利[1] 刘太国[1] 刘博[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院植物保护研究所、植物病虫害生物学国家重点实验室,北京100193

出　　处：《植物保护》2014年第3期122-126,共5页Plant Protection

基　　金：国家“973”计划项目(2009CB119200,2010CB951503,2011CB100403);现代农业产业技术体系岗位科学家(CARS-03-04B);农作物病虫害疫情监测与防治

摘　　要：小麦矮腥黑穗病是由小麦矮腥黑粉菌（Tilletia controversa Kühn,TCK）引起的我国对外一类检疫性病害.本项研究对其病菌冬孢子的萌发、人工接种方法进行了室内试验.结果表明,参试菌株冬孢子在土壤浸提液培养基上45～50 d时达到萌发高峰,冬孢子浓度对萌发率有影响,浓度为（100～105）×104个/mL时萌发率最高.因此,可以选用此浓度作为室内TCK冬孢子萌发研究的适宜浓度.在室内进行TCK冬孢子的人工接种方法的研究表明,冬孢子在培养基上萌发后,将麦种放在培养皿盖中的湿滤纸上,置于5℃的培养箱中培养,直到苗长到3～5 cm,然后将麦苗种植到直径为24 cm的塑料盆中,在白天30℃,夜晚18℃的生长箱中培养至植株成熟,可获得7％左右的发病植株.Dwarf bunt of wheat,caused by Tilletia controversa Küihn is an international quarantine disease on wheat in China.Germination of teliospores and infection of T.controversa by different artificial inoculation methods were tested in the laboratory.The results indicated that the germination rate reached to its peak on the 45th-50th day in the soil extract agar medium.Concentration of teliospores had an impact on germination rate with the highest at the （100-105）× 104/mL,which can be used for the inoculation concentration in the greenhouse.The wheat seeds were put on the wet filter paper in the cover of the soil extract agar medium with the germinated teliospores,the medium was overturned and incubated at 5 ℃ until wheat seedlings grew to 3-5 cm,then the wheat seedlings were transplanted to the 24-cm-diameter plastic pots and kept in the growth chamber at 30 ℃ during the day and 18 ℃ during the night until the matured plants.The diseased plants reached to about 7%.

关 键 词：小麦矮腥黑粉菌 冬孢子萌发 人工接种试验 

分 类 号：S435.121.4[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]