武汉地区中学生使用药物/精神活性物质的流行病学调查  

EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDY OF DRUG/PSYCHOACTIVE SUBSTANCE USE AMONG SENIOR MIDDLE SCHOOL STUDENTS IN WUHAN AREA

作　　者：赵 连智[1] 穆悦[1] 吕宪祥[1] 张杰[1] 周伟华[1] 曹家琪[1] 刘志民[1] 蔡大勇[2] 赵厚裕[3] 别雪君[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学中国药物依赖性研究所,北京100083 [2]湖北中医学院,武汉430061 [3]湖北医科大学附二院,武汉430071

出　　处：《中国药物依赖性杂志》2001年第1期53-57,共5页Chinese Journal of Drug Dependence

摘　　要：目的··:了解武汉地区中学生使用药物/精神活性物质情况。方法··:采用随机抽样方法 ,使用自拟《学生用药情况调查表》对该地区高二学生进行调查。调查内容包括8种药物/精神活性物质“一生”、“最近30d”的使用情况、用药频率 (经常、偶尔 )、最初使用年龄、使用原因与后果等。结果·· :在2923例有效问卷中 ,“一生中经常”使用最多的物质是挥发性溶剂 (2.89% ) ,其他物质依次是酒 (2.31 % )、烟草 (0.94 % )、非甾体抗炎止痛药 (0.76 % )。“一生中偶尔”使用最多的是酒 (71.08 % ) ,其他物质依次是非甾体抗炎止痛药 (28.34 % )、挥发性溶剂 (17.94 % )、烟草(16.31 %)。各种物质的初次使用年龄介于7a至12a之间。使用非甾体抗炎止痛药和镇静催眠药的主要原因是治病 (分别占99.20 %和83.33 % );使用挥发性溶剂、饮酒、吸烟的主要原因是“好奇”和“受周围人影响” (分别占83.65 %,81.64 %,93.53 % )。60.25 %的挥发性溶剂滥用者感到身体受到了损害 ;烟酒使用者中分别有56.55%和37.04 %感到身体受到损害。结论··:在部分中学生中已发现对挥发性溶剂、酒、香烟和某些精神药物使用成瘾现象 ,极个别学生有滥用违禁毒品的行为。建议加强对中学生的药物滥用预防教育。Objective: To survey drug/psychoactive substance use among senior middle school students in Wuhan area. Method: Epidemiological study on the use of drugs/psychoactive substances among senior middle school students was carried out. This representative samples were randomly selected by cluster sampling throughout this province. Totally 2923 students completed this self-reported questionnaire survey. Result: The lifetime prevalence of substance use for more than 20 days during the month before the survey indicated the following data: solvents 2.89%, alcohol 2.31%, tobacco 0.94%, NSAIDs 0.76%. The lifetime prevalence of “occasion use”indicated the following data: alcohol: 71.08%, NSAIDs:28.34%, solvents:17.94%, tobacco:16.31%. The median age at onset substance use was between 7 years old to 12 years old. The main reason of using NSAISs and sedative was of disease (99.20%, 83.33%). The main reason of using solvent, alcohol and tobacco was“curiosity”and“peer ”influence ( 83.65% , 81.64%,93.53%).It found that 60.25% solvent abusers, 56.55% alcohol abusers and 37.04% tobacco abusers were physically harmed after using. Conclusion: Solvent, alcohol and tobacco abuse is increasing among school students now, which indicates that education and intervention on substance misuse for adolescents should be strengthened.

关 键 词：物质使用 中学生 流行病学 药物滥用 预防 

分 类 号：R595.501[医药卫生—内科学]