富油金藻与绿藻的耐光适应性比较  

Comparison of the light adaptability among oil enriched chrysophyte and green algae

作　　者：崔静[1,2] 张立涛[1,3] 刘建国[1,3] 李凌[1] 何梅琳[1,2] 林伟[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院海洋研究所生物技术中心,山东青岛266071 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]中国科学院海洋研究所,江苏南通226004

出　　处：《海洋科学》2014年第3期6-13,共8页Marine Sciences

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2011CB200904;2011CB 200901);江苏省基础研究计划重点研究项目(BK2011009);国家海洋局可再生能源专项(GHME2011SW01)

摘　　要：以金藻(Isochrysis sp.)、球等鞭金藻(Isochrysis galbana Parke)、微拟球藻(Nannochloropsis sp.)、东营小球藻(Chlorella sp.)、小球藻(Chlorella capsulata Guillard)等五株富油微藻为实验材料,通过对比研究强弱光驯化后其叶绿素荧光和快速光曲线(RLC)的变化,比较了金藻与绿藻的光适应性。结果发现:弱光驯化后,五株微藻有效量子产量(ΦPSII)随着光照强度(PAR)的上升均呈下降趋势,但是其下降速率在不同藻株之间存在差异,其中以球等鞭金藻下降速率最小,小球藻下降速率最大;两株金藻的最大电子传递速率(rETRm)及半饱和光强(IK)均高于三株绿藻,但是初始斜率(α)小于绿藻;强光驯化后,五株富油微藻的ΦPSII及α均明显下降,但两株金藻下降幅度均小于三株绿藻,而金藻的rETRm及IK始终高于绿藻。同样,不同藻株的快速光曲线下降斜率(β)也都呈下降趋势,但金藻β的下降幅度大于绿藻。上述结果表明:绿藻在弱光下有较强的光吸收能力,但其光利用能力及热耗散能力相对较差,在强光下易发生光抑制;强光驯化后,金藻比绿藻有更好的强光可塑性,属于耐光性强的潜力产油微藻。In this paper, we compared the light tolerance of five oil-riched stains, including two strains of chrysophyte（Isocrysis galbana Parke and Isochrysis sp） and three strains of green algae（Nannochloropsis sp., Chlorella sp., and Chlorella capsulata Guillard）. Changes of rapid light curves of the five strains under high-light and low-light acclimated for five days were analyzed using chlorophyll fluoremeter to assess the light-tolerant ability of microalgae. The results showed that after acclimated by low light, the effective quantum yield of PSII（ΦPSII） decreased as the photosynthetically active radiation（PAR） elevated. The decrease rate of Isochrysis galbana Parke in quantum yield is the slowest, while Chlorella sp. has the fastest one. Both the maximum of relative electron transport rate（rETR） and semi-saturating irradiance（IK） of Isochrysis galbana Parke and Isochrysis sp. were higher than Nannochloropsis sp., Chlorella sp. and Chlorella capsulata Guillard. However, the initial slope of rapid light curves（α） of the two strains of chrysophyte was lower than that of the three green algae. After acclimated by high light, the ΦPSII and α decreased with the increase of the PAR. The two chrysophyte strains decreased slowlier than the three green algae. The decline slope of rapid light curves（β） decreased after high-light acclimation in all strains. Isochrysis galbana Parke showed the most significant decrease. Based on the data above, we concluded that green algae possessed better light capture ability, but the ability of light utilization and dissipation was weak. After high-light acclimation, Isochrysis galbana Parke and Isochrysis sp. showed better applicability than other three green algae. Therefore, the two chrysophyte strains may be considered as high-light tolerant candidates for mass production.

关 键 词：快速光曲线 叶绿素荧光 富油微藻 耐光性 

分 类 号：Q813.1[生物学—生物工程]