肝硬化患者医院感染特点及相关因素分析  

The analysis of the characteristics and the related factors of nosocomial infections in patients with liver cirrhosis

作　　者：郭玉香[1] 徐叶进[1] 付跃娟[1] 盛棋跃[1] 

机构地区：[1]金华市中心医院感染科,浙江金华321000

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2014年第11期2748-2749,2759,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

基　　金：浙江省医药卫生科技计划基金资助项目(2013KYA212)

摘　　要：目的探讨肝硬化患者医院感染临床特点及危险因素,为临床诊疗及预防提供依据。方法回顾性分析医院2011年2月-2013年2月收治的596例肝硬化患者临床资料,了解其医院感染率、感染部位、病原菌分布特点,并对患者医院感染相关因素进行分析。结果 596例肝硬化患者中发生医院感染77例,感染率为12.92%;感染部位主要为呼吸道、腹膜、泌尿道、胃肠道、皮肤,分别占32.47%、25.97%、15.58%、11.69%、7.79%;年龄大、住院时间长、白细胞计数低、血清白蛋白水平低、肝功能分级C级、有侵入性操作史、有并发症、预防应用抗菌药物的肝硬化患者医院感染率高,分别为18.6%、21.03%、16.72%、19.31%、22.16%、30.14%、37.76%、22.76%,是发生医院感染的危险因素,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论肝硬化患者医院感染发生率较高,针对感染因素采取综合措施进行预防,是防止患者发生医院感染的重要方法。OBJECTIVE To investigate the clinical characteristics and risk factors of nosocomial infections in patients with liver cirrhosis, and to provide the basis for clinical treatment and prevention. METHODS A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of 596 patients with liver cirrhosis treated in our hospital in Feb. 2011 to Feb. 2013, and understood the incidence of nosocomial infections, infection sites, pathogens distribution characteristics, with the related factors of nosoeomial infection analyzed. RESULTS Among 596 cases of patients with liver cirrhosis, 77 cases of nosocomial infections occurred, and the nosocomial infection rate was 12.92%. The main infection sites included the respiratory tract, peritoneal, urinary tract, gastrointestinal tract, skin, accounting for 32.47%, 25.97%, 15.58%, 11.69%, 7.79% respectively. Among patients with liver cirrhosis, those who had advanced age, longer duration of hospitalization, low white cell count, low albumin level, C grade of liver function, invasive operation history, complications, prophylactic antibiotics had a higher rate of nosocomial infections, which were 18.6%, 21.03%, 16.72%, 19.31%, 22. 16%,30. 14%,37.76%, 22.76% respectively. These factors were risk factors of nosocomial infections, and the difference was sigr, ificant （P 〈 0. 05）. CONCLUSIONS The nosocomial infection rate in patients with liver cirrhosis is high, comprehensive measures for prevention should be taken for according to the risk factors, which is an important method to prevent the occurrence of nosocomial infections in patients.

关 键 词：肝硬化 医院感染 相关因素 

分 类 号：R512.62[医药卫生—内科学]