留置静脉针联合采血器采血血标本溶血相关因素的研究  

The related factors of hemolysis in blood samples drawn with intravenous indwelling needle and hemostix

作　　者：陈岚[1] 金静芬[2] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学医学院附属第二医院急诊科,杭州市310029 [2]浙江大学医学院附属第二医院护理部,杭州市310029

出　　处：《中华护理杂志》2014年第6期739-742,共4页Chinese Journal of Nursing

基　　金：浙江省卫生厅科研基金资助项目(编号:2012KYB097)

摘　　要：目的研究在急诊室行留置静脉针联合采血器采血血标本溶血的相关因素。方法选择2012年10月至2013年1月既需要静脉输液又需要静脉采血的1021例急诊患者。记录每例采血患者的性别、年龄、诊断、采血部位、静脉穿刺次数、置管难易程度、静脉通畅度、留置针的型号、止血带绑扎时间、血标本类型、各试管的采血顺序、标本的放置时间、采血人员等,并观察记录每份血标本的溶血程度。结果在前臂和肘部采血发生溶血的可能性分别为在手背采血的0.472倍和0.439倍,静脉不通畅的患者发生溶血的可能性为通畅者的5.542倍,试管类型为肝素抗凝管发生溶血的可能性为EDTA管的5.222倍,抽血月份为1月发生溶血的可能性为10月的2.226倍。结论采血部位、静脉通畅度、试管类型、采血月份为溶血发生的主要影响因素。Objective To investigate risk faetors of hemolysis associated with blood sampling drawn with intravenous indwelling needle and hemostix. Methods A total of 1021 patients requiring blood sampling with intravenous indwelling needle and hemostix were recruited in the emergency department from October 2012 to 2013 January. Data including sex,age,diagnosis,blood collecting sites,the frequency of puncture,catheter difficulty,venous patency, indwelling needle size,tourniquet time,blood specimen type,order of using collection tubes,sample storage time and nurses were recorded. The outcome variable was the event of hemolysis of each blood sample. Results The hemolysis rates in blood samples drawn from forearm and elbow were 0.472 times and 0.439 times of that in blood samples front the back of the hand,respectively. The hemolysis rate in blood samples from patients with obstructed venous is 5.542 times of that from patients without it. The hemolysis rate in heparin tubes was 5.222 times of that in EDTA tubes. The hemolysis rate in January was 2.226 times of that in October. Conclusion Collecting sites,venous patency,tube type,seasons are the main factors affecting hemolysis.

关 键 词：血样采集 急诊处理 溶血 

分 类 号：R472[医药卫生—护理学]