我国中药材中重金属污染现状分析及对策研究  

Current situation analysis and countermeasures on contamination of heavy metal in traditional Chinese medicinal materials in China

作　　者：赵连华[1,2] 杨银慧[2,3] 胡一晨[2] 杨世海[1] 金红宇[4] 魏建和[2,5] 杨美华[2,5] 

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学中药材学院,吉林长春130118 [2]中国医学科学院北京协和医学院药用植物研究所,北京100193 [3]江西科技师范大学江西省有机功能分子重点实验室,江西南昌330013 [4]中国食品药品检定研究院中药民族药检定所天然药物室,北京10005 [5]中国医学科学院北京协和医学院药用植物研究所海南分所海南省南药资源保护与开发重点实验室,海南万宁571533

出　　处：《中草药》2014年第9期1199-1206,共8页Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs

基　　金：海南省重大科技项目"南药;黎药产业化关键技术研究"(ZDZX2013008);北京协和医学院研究生创新基金项目(2013-1007-05)

摘　　要：近年来,随着我国工业化的快速发展,重金属污染日益严重,中药材也深受其害。对近5年文献数据进行整理分析,并以《药用植物及制剂进出口绿色行业标准》为依据,判断我国中药材中重金属污染情况,得出我国铅(Pb)、镉(Cd)、汞(Hg)、砷(As)、铜(Cu)5种重金属的污染率分别为9.66%、26.35%、13.00%、9.32%、16.09%。另外,还对我国不同产地中药材以及不同类别中药材中重金属的污染情况进行统计,结果显示我国中药材中重金属污染情况因产地和类别不同而不同。建议应加快中药材中重金属快速检测方法和限量标准的研究和制定工作,及时制订管理法规、加大监管力度,与此同时还要采取相应措施从中药材生产源头上减少重金属污染,从根本上解决中药材中重金属超标的问题。Recent years, with the rapid development of industrialization in China, the contamination of heavy metal was worsening, and traditional Chinese medicinal materials （TCMM） were also suffered. The data were collected in the literatures in the past five years, and Green Trade Standard of Importing ＆ Exporting Medicinal Plants ＆ Preparations was used as the standard to evaluate the pollution conditions of lead （Pb）, cadmium （Cd）, mercury （Hg）, arsenic （As）, and copper （Cu）. The five heavy metals exceeded the limits of the standard and the percentages were 9.66%, 26.35%, 13.0%, 9.32% , and 16.09%, respectively. Moreover, statistics on the residues of the heavy metals in different categories of TCMM from various orlglns were also carried out in this paper. The results showed that the contamination of heavy metals in TCMM differently depended on the origins and categories. Studies on the rapid detection methods and the limit standards of heavy metal should be established immediately. At the same time, the regulations should be formulated timely and supervision also should be intensified. To solve the problems of excessive amounts of heavy metals in TCMM, necessary measures should be taken to control the contamination of TCMM.

关 键 词：中药材 重金属污染 快速检测 限量标准 植物药 动物药 矿物药 

分 类 号：R286.014[医药卫生—中药学]