吉林省女性自然绝经年龄及其影响因素的调查分析  

Survey analysis on age at natural menopause and its influencing factors among women in Jilin Province

作　　者：纪瑞晓 陶育纯[1] 钟磊 陈晓梅[1] 俞琼[1] 吕芳[1] 姜停停 马永辉[1] 张晶波[3] 于雅琴[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉林大学公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学教研室,吉林长春130021 [2]吉林省卫生厅科技教育处,吉林长春130051 [3]吉林省疾病预防控制中心慢性非传染性疾病预防控制所,吉林长春130062

出　　处：《吉林大学学报（医学版）》2014年第3期675-681,共7页Journal of Jilin University：Medicine Edition

基　　金：吉林省卫生厅科研基金资助课题(2011Z116)

摘　　要：目的：了解吉林省女性自然绝经年龄的状况，阐明影响吉林省女性自然绝经年龄的相关因素。方法：采用多阶段分层随机整群抽样方法，在吉林省9个市（州）共32个区／市／县选取18～79岁的23050名居民进行面对面的问卷调查及体格检查，实际完成有效样本21435名，共筛选出女性样本11098名，其中已自然绝经女性4875名作为本次研究样本。采用复杂加权方法估计平均自然绝经年龄和自然绝经年龄中位数，采用方差分析比较不同出生年份女性自然绝经年龄差异，并应用多元线性回归分析自然绝经年龄的影响因素。结果：吉林省女性平均自然绝经年龄为（49.11±4.19）岁，自然绝经年龄中位数为50.00岁，自然绝经者4881名，＜40岁绝经者111名（2.27％），40～45岁绝经者643名（13.17％），46～53岁绝经者3513名（71.97％），54岁以上绝经者573名（11.74％），另有41名（0.85％）绝经年龄缺失。不同出生年份（70～79岁为1933-1942年、60～69岁为1943-1952年、57～59岁为1953-1955年）女性自然绝经年龄比较显示，城市和农村不同年份出生女性自然绝经年龄比较差异均有统计学意义（F＝16.633，P＜0.001；F＝7.400，P＜0.001），未分地区女性自然绝经年龄比较差异有统计学意义（F＝21.178，P＜0.001），经 SNK法比较，3组女性自然绝经年龄两两之间比较差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.01），自然绝经年龄分别为1953-1955年出生组50.38岁、1943-1952年出生组49.51岁、1933-1942年出生组48.81岁；城市不同年份出生女性自然绝经年龄差异有统计学意义（F＝16.633，P＜0.001），经SNK-q检验比较，3组女性自然绝经年龄任意2组之间比较差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05），自然绝经年龄分别为1953-1955年出生组50.77岁、1943-1952年出生组49.73岁和1933-1942年出生组48.85岁；农村不同年份出生女性自然绝经年龄比较差异�Objective To study the ages at natural menopause of the women in Jilin Province, and to illustrate its influencing factors among the women in Jilin Province.Methods Through multistage stratified cluster random sampling method,23 050 people aged from 18 to 79 years were drew from nine states（a total of 32 areas）of Jilin province.The data of these residents were collected with the questionnaire and physical examinations by face-to-face interview.The number of selected female sample was 11 098. Finally, 4 881 postmenopausal women were selected.Complex weighted computation was used to estimate the ages at natural menopause.One-way ANOVA was used to compare the ages at natural menopause of the women with different birth years. Multiple linear regression analysis were used to examine the influencing factors of the ages at natural menopause. Results The mean and median ages at natural menopause were （49.11±4.19）years and 50.00 years,respectively.There were 4 881 cases of postmenopausal women,among them the women with age at natural menopause〈40 years,40 year≤age at natural menopause≤45 years,46 years≤ age at natural menopause≤53 years,age at natural menopause≥54 years and age at natural menopause missing accounted for 2.27%（111 cases）,13.17%（643 cases）,71.97%（3 513 cases）,11.74% （573 cases）,and 0.85%（41 cases）,respectively.Converted to birth years by age,70-79 years old was 1933-1942 birth years,60-69 years old was 1943-1952 birth years and 57-59 years old was 1953-1955 birth years.The age at natural menopause in Jilin province was statistically significant among the women with different birth years（F=21.178,P〈0.001）.By SNK-q test among three different birth year groups, the age at natural menopause was different between any two groups among three different birth year groups and the ages at natural menopause of 1953-1955 birth year group,1943-1952 birth year group and 1943-1952 birth year group were 50.38 years,49.51 years and 48.81 years.The age at natural menopause in urb

关 键 词：饮食习惯 行为习惯 社会经济状况 自然绝经年龄 影响因素 

分 类 号：R195.1[医药卫生—卫生统计学]