量子密钥分发与量子安全直接通信  

QUANTUM KEY DISTRIBUTION AND QUANTUM SECURE DIRECT COMMUNICATION

作　　者：龙桂鲁[1,2] 秦国卿 

机构地区：[1]低维量子物理国家重点实验室清华大学物理系,北京100084 [2]清华信息科学与技术国家实验室(筹),北京100084 [3]青岛大学物理科学学院,山东青岛266000

出　　处：《物理与工程》2014年第2期3-12,共10页Physics and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(批准号:11175094;91221205);国家973计划(批准号:2011CB9216002)资助项目

摘　　要：量子通信具有高安全性等优点,是当前的国际研究前沿,量子安全直接通信和量子密钥分发是两种重要的量子信息方式.量子密钥分发通过量子信道产生随机的密钥,而量子安全直接通信直接在量子信道中传输秘密信息.本文力图利用浅显易懂的语言介绍量子安全直接通信和量子密钥分发的基本原理;重点描述几个典型的量子安全直接通信方案,介绍目前的发展状态并展望未来.Quantum communication has the advantage of high security,and it is one of the important frontiers of research worldwide.Quantum secure direct communication and quantum key distribution are two important modes of quantum communication.In quantum key distribution,random keys are distributed through a quantum channel,whereas secret messages are transmitted directly through a quantum channel in quantum secure direct communication.In this article,the authors introduce the basic principles of quantum key distribution and quantum secure direct communication in simple and plain language,and describe in details several typical protocols of quantum secure direct communication.They will also discuss the current status of development of the fields and give a perspective view on the future research.

关 键 词：量子安全直接通信 量子通信 两步方案 量子一次便笺方案 网络通信 量子密钥分发 

分 类 号：O413[理学—理论物理]