泰州市区空气重金属污染的多重监测研究  

Multiple approaches for monitoring the air heavy metal pollution in Taizhou

作　　者：陈勤[1] 沈羽[1] 方炎明[1] 陈步金[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京林业大学森林资源与环境学院,江苏南京210037

出　　处：《南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）》2014年第3期139-143,共5页Journal of Nanjing Forestry University：Natural Sciences Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31370666;30070155);江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(PAPD);江苏高校协同创新计划

摘　　要：近年来,我国频繁发生的雾霾事件引起了人们对城市空气污染的广泛关注,大气颗粒物中含有的重金属与人类呼吸系统疾病发病率以及呼吸系统的损伤具有一定的相关性。笔者对泰州市区大气颗粒物PM2.5(颗粒物直径小于2.5μm)和PM10(颗粒物直径小于10μm)、道路灰尘、活藓和藓袋中Cd、Cr、Cu、Pb、Ni、Zn的含量与污染特征进行了分析。结果表明,粒径最小的PM2.5中重金属浓度最高,可以作为空气重金属污染分析的最佳监测对象;活藓法测得的数据与PM10和道路灰尘测定值相接近,具有一定可靠性。污染指数分析结果表明,现阶段泰州市区Cd、Cu、Zn污染较严重,分别达到了土壤背景值的18.86、3.54和3.15倍,其他重金属污染不严重。In recent years, the large-scale fog and haze events occurred frequently in China, which had attracted people＆#39;s wide attention to urban air pollution. Related studies had showed that heavy metals in atmospheric particulate matter were closely related to human respiratory disease incidence, as well as to the damage of respiratory system. Con-tents and pollution indexes of Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, Ni and Zn in the atmospheric particulate matter PM2.5 and PM10 , road dusts, live-mosses and moss-bags were analysed in Taizhou city of Jiangsu province, China. The results indicated that PM2.5 , with the smallest particle size, had the highest concentration of heavy metals and could be chosen as an optimal monitoring object to analyze atmospheric heavy metals. The data by live-moss analysis were reliable and close to the val-ue of PM10 and road dusts, which might be the principal reason why they were selected as biological indicators of atmos-pheric heavy metal deposition in Europe. The pollution index analysis indicated that urban atmosphere was seriously pol-luted by Cd, Cu and Zn, whose concentration values were 18.86, 3.54 and 3.15 times higher than the soil background values, respectively. While pollution level of other metals was relatively slight.

关 键 词：空气污染 PM2 5 PM10 道路灰尘 苔藓植物 生物指示 泰州 

分 类 号：X830[环境科学与工程—环境工程]