腰果酚改性焦油粗酚酚醛泡沫塑料的研究  

Study on Cardanol Modified Tar Crude Phenol Phenolic Foam Plastics

作　　者：李红标 张晓丹[1] 沈国鹏[1] 

机构地区：[1]郑州大学化工与能源学院,郑州450001

出　　处：《工程塑料应用》2014年第6期7-12,共6页Engineering Plastics Application

摘　　要：为降低酚醛泡沫塑料的成本,改善其性能,以焦油粗酚、苯酚、多聚甲醛为原材料,腰果酚为改性剂,合成可发性腰果酚改性焦油粗酚酚醛树脂,发泡制备出腰果酚改性焦油粗酚酚醛泡沫塑料。研究了腰果酚用量对改性焦油粗酚酚醛泡沫塑料保温性能、阻燃性能、吸水率、力学性能和耐热稳定性等的影响,并通过傅立叶变换红外光谱仪对合成改性焦油粗酚酚醛树脂进行了表征,通过生物显微镜、热重分析仪对改性焦油粗酚酚醛泡沫塑料的微观结构和耐热稳定性进行表征。结果表明,腰果酚的加入使改性焦油粗酚酚醛泡沫塑料的综合性能有较大改善,当腰果酚占混合酚的质量分数为15%时,改性焦油粗酚酚醛泡沫塑料的综合性能最佳,吸水率为4.51%,压缩强度为0.31 MPa,弯曲强度为0.55 MPa,导热系数为0.036 W/(m·K),极限氧指数为35.2%。改性焦油粗酚酚醛泡沫塑料的保温、阻燃性能和耐热稳定性较好,泡孔致密均匀。In order to reduce the cost and improve the performance of phenolic foam plastics, the foamable tar crude phenol phenolic resin modified with cardanol was synthesized by using tar crude phenol, phenol, paraformaldehyde as materials, cardanol as modifier. Then tar crude phenol phenolic foam plastics modified with cardanol was prepared by foaming. The effects of the amount of cardanol on heat preservation, fire retardancy, water absorption, mechanical properties and thermal stabilities of the modified foam plastics were investigated, the modified tar crude phenol phenolic resin was characterized by fourier transform infrared spectrometer, the microscopic structure and thermal stabilities of the modified foam plastics were characterized by biological microscope and thermo gravimetric analyzer. The results show that the comprehensive properties of the modified foam plastics is improved greatly by cardanol, when the cardanol mass fraction in mixed phenols is 15%, the comprehensive properties of the modified foam plastics is the best, the water absorption of the modified foam plastics is 4.5%, the compressive strength is 0.31 MPa, the flexural strength is 0.55 MPa, the coefficient of thermal conductivity is 0.036 W/（m. K） and the limited oxygen index is 35.2%. The modified foam plastics also show good properties in thermal insulation and fire retardancy, and it also has a good thermal stabilities, the cells of the modified foam plastics is compact and symmetrical.

关 键 词：腰果酚 焦油粗酚 酚醛树脂 酚醛泡沫塑料 

分 类 号：TQ323.1[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]